Table 2.
Laboratory findings of severe COVID-19 patients on admission.
| Normal range | Median (IQR) |
P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonprobioctics(n = 188) | Probiotics(n = 123) | |||
| Blood biochemistry | ||||
| CREA, μmol/L | 57–111 | 63.8(53.8–76.4) | 68.0(53.8–72.1) | 0.088 |
| BUN, mmol/L | 2.9–8.2 | 4.0(1.0–4.5) | 4.0(3.4–5.6) | 0.183 |
| AST, U/L | 8–40 | 41.0(35.5–51.0) | 23.0(15.0–32.0) | 0.692 |
| ALT, U/L | 5–40 | 69.0(53.0–91.0) | 19.0(13.0–41.5) | 0.595 |
| LDH, U/L | 109–245 | 194.0(166.5–249.5) | 211.0(188.0–239.5) | 0.122 |
| T-BIL, umol/L | 3–20 | 12.5 ± 7.19 | 12.4 ± 5.72 | 0.847 |
| Blood routine | ||||
| Lymphocytes, G/L | 1.1–3.2 | 1.1 ± 0.49 | 1.0 ± 0.46 | 0.635 |
| HGB, g/L | 40–50 | 122.8 ± 21.47 | 125.4 ± 16.30 | 0.254 |
| PLT, G/L | 125–350 | 248.8 ± 92.4 | 233.4 ± 92.69 | 0.159 |
| WBC, G/L | 3.5–9.5 | 5.9 ± 2.43 | 5.9 ± 2.43 | 0.858 |
| NE, G/L | 1.8–6.3 | 4.4 ± 2.42 | 4.3 ± 2.35 | 0.923 |
| EO, G/L | 0.01–0.52 | 0.07 ± 0.13 | 0.07 ± 0.30 | 0.820 |
| Infection-related biomarkers | ||||
| CRP, mg/L | 0–8 | 2.5(1.3–2.7) | 11.7(2.7–73.2) | 0.077 |
| PCT, ng/ml | ≤0.05 | 0.05(0.03–0.05) | 0.05(0.03–0.12) | 0.476 |
| ESR, mm/h | 0–20 | 49.0 ± 30.59 | 63.4 ± 36.56 | 0.049* |
| IL-6 | 0.1–5 | 4.1(3.6–5.4) | 8.1(5.2–12.6) | 0.001** |
| Coagulation function | ||||
| D-Dimer, mg/L | 0–0.5 | 1.3(0.7–1.4) | 0.4(0.3–1.0) | 0.697 |
| FIB, G/L | 2.0–4.0 | 4.4 ± 1.19 | 4.3 ± 1.31 | 0.476 |
| Immunity | ||||
| Total T lymphocyte | 58.17–84.22 | 71.8 ± 9.88 | 71.9 ± 8.53 | 0.965 |
| CD4 | 25.34–51.37 | 42.8 ± 8.66 | 43.4 ± 9.01 | 0.750 |
| CD8 | 14.23–38.95 | 24.95 ± 9.79 | 26.01 ± 8.6 | 0.669 |
| B lymphocyte | 4.1–18.31 | 13.77 ± 9.75 | 12.44 ± 8.33 | 0.462 |
| NK cell | 3.33–30.47 | 8.5 ± 5.24 | 9.8 ± 6.11 | 0.280 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 0.41–2.72 | 2.18 ± 1.23 | 2.07 ± 1.36 | 0.651 |
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges, IQR), n (%) and mean ± SD; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.
CREA, creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; T-BIL, total bilirubin; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelets; WBC, white blood cell; NE, neutrophil; EO, eosinophilic granulocyte; CRP, c-reactive protein; PCT, procalcitonin; IL-6, interleukin 6; FIB, Fibrinogen.