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. 2021 Feb 8;6(3):e138385. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.138385

Figure 1. Gingerol suppresses NETosis in response to various stimuli.

Figure 1

Human neutrophils were isolated from healthy volunteers and then treated with various stimuli for 3 hours in the presence of different gingerol analogues. NETosis was quantified by measuring the enzymatic activity of nuclease-liberated myeloperoxidase (MPO). Dose response to LPS-mediated NETosis upon treatment with 6-gingerol (A), 8-gingerol (B), and 10-gingerol (C). NETosis in response to PMA (D), RNP ICs (E), and APS IgG (F) was quantified in the presence of 10 μM gingerol. NETosis was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy (G). Neutrophils were treated with LPS, PMA, RNP ICs, or APS IgG in the presence or absence of 6-gingerol (10 μM). Blue, DNA; green, extracellular neutrophil elastase. Scale bar: 100 microns. For A–F, mean and SEM are presented for n = 3 independent experiments; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001 as compared with the 0 μM gingerol group by 1-way ANOVA corrected with Dunnett’s test.