Table 2.
Associated factors with intubation in 256 patients with COVID-19 treated with HFNO
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value1 | |
|---|---|---|
| Non-respiratory SOFA score | 1.78 (1.41-2.35) | <0.01 |
| ROX index | 0.53 (0.38-0.72) | <0.01 |
| pH, per 0.1-unit increase | 0.47 (0.24-0.86) | 0.03 |
| Leucocyte count, 109/μL | 1.07 (1.001-1.13) | 0.01 |
| Malignancy | 0.14 (0.02-0.88) | 0.04 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 1.05 (0.97-1.14) | 0.23 |
| PaO2/FiO2 (per 10-point increase) | 1.04 (0.97-1.11) | 0.21 |
| Gender (female) | 1.60 (0.73-3.54) | 0.24 |
| D-dimer, U/L | 1.00 (0.99-1.00) | 0.31 |
| APACHE II | 0.95 (0.87-1.04) | 0.26 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale | 0.51 (0.10-1.08) | 0.34 |
| Respiratory rate, rpm | 0.97 (0.90-1.04) | 0.50 |
| Heart rate, bpm (per 10-bpm increase) | 1.08 (0.87-1.35) | 0.46 |
| Time from symptom onset to ICU admission (per 1-day increase) | 1.02 (0.95-1.12) | 0.64 |
| SBP, mmHg (per 10-mmHg increase) | 0.96 (0.80-1.14) | 0.66 |
| PaCO2, mmHg (per 5-mmHg increase) | 1.03 (0.87-1.21) | 0.76 |
1Based on a multivariable logistic regression model after multiple imputation, 2 subjects were excluded for extensive missing data (>50% variables)
CI confidence interval; HFNO high flow nasal oxygen treatment; SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; SBP systolic blood pressure; BMI body mass index; SpO2 peripheral oxyhemoglobin saturation; ICU intensive care unit; PaO2/FiO2 partial pressure of arterial oxygen to inspiratory oxygen ratio; APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; PaCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide; AIC Akaike information criterion