Receiver operating characteristic curves for discrimination of mortality using IL-6 and IL-8. Receiver operating characteristic curves are shown for the baseline risk (age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index) model, baseline risk + modified (m) SOFA model, and baseline risk + modified SOFA + IL-6 + IL-8 model for the derivation set (A) (AUCs = 0.63, 0.78, and 0.86, respectively) and for the internal validation set (B) (AUCs = 0.56, 0.81, and 0.91, respectively). C, Receiver operating characteristic curves are shown for the baseline risk (age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index) model, baseline risk + cardiopulmonary organ failure (respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation or shock requiring an infusion of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, or dobutamine) model, and baseline risk + cardiopulmonary organ failure + IL-6 + IL-8 model in the external validation set (AUC = 0.58, 0.76, and 0.81, respectively). Abbreviations: AUC, area under the receiver operating curve; IL, interleukin; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.