Table 4.
Yield and Cost per Case Diagnosed for 4 Tuberculosis Screening Strategies
| Strategies | Cases Diagnosed | Missed Cases | % Yield (95% CI) | Participants Screened With Xpert, No. | Mean Cost per Case Detected, US$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All cases | 214 | … | … | … | 485 |
| Comparator groups | |||||
| Strategy 1: Sputum Xpert for all participants | 160 | 54 | 74 (68–80) | 1452 | 249 |
| Strategy 2: Symptom screening If positive: Xpert | 141 | 73 | 65 (59–71) | 1163 | 255 |
| Strategy 3: Chest radiography (CAD4TB) If score ≥ 60: Xpert | 138 | 76 | 64 (57–70) | 383 | 370 |
| Strategy 4: Symptom screening If positive, Xpert If negative, CXR (CAD4TB) followed by Xpert if score ≥60 | 163 | 51 | 76 (70–81) | 1248 | 395 |
Abbreviations: CAD4TB, Computer-Aided Detection for Tuberculosis; CI, confidence interval; CXR, chest radiograph; MTB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; RIF, rifampicin; US, United States; Xpert, MTB/RIF assay.