Table 1.

Patient characteristics and outcomes between severe and nonsevere injury

	Nonsevere chest injury	Severe chest injuryc	P-value
n	8249	542
Age, median (IQR)	47 (30–65)	42 (27–60)	<.001
Sex, n (%)			<.001
Male	5459 (66.2)	406 (74.9)
Female	2790 (33.8)	136 (25.1)
Race, n (%)			.026
White	4683 (56.8)	282 (52.0)
Black	1922 (23.3)	153 (28.2)
Othera	1644 (19.9)	107 (19.7)
Admitting service, n (%)			<.001
Trauma	3992 (48.3)	483 (89.1)
Burns	1499 (18.2)	29 (5.4)
Orthopedic surgery	834 (10.1)	0 (0.0)
Other	1924 (23.3)	30 (5.5)
Operative intervention, n (%)	2101 (25.5)	194 (35.8)	<.001
OR time (mins), median (IQR)	185 (116–270)	167 (104–274)	.31
Comorbidities, n (%)
CHF	213 (2.6)	12 (2.2)	.70
Hypertension	1428 (17.3)	111 (20.5)	.068
Pulmonary disease	468 (5.7)	74 (18.2)	<.001
Diabetes	523 (6.3)	44 (8.1)	.12
Renal disease	210 (2.5)	19 (3.5)	.22
Liver disease	192 (2.3)	25 (4.6)	.001
Coagulopathy	257 (3.1)	57 (10.5)	<.001
Alcohol misuse	592 (7.2)	65 (12.0)	<.001
Drug misuse	441 (5.3)	55 (10.1)	<.001
Elixhauser scores, median (IQR)c
Readmission score	8 (0–21)	13 (4–22)	.002
Mortality score	0 (−1–10)	4 (0–13)	<.001
Length of stay, median (IQR)	2.3 (0.7–5.9)	5.4 (1.6–13.4)	<.001
Disposition, n (%)			<.001
Home	5831 (70.7)	246 (45.4)
Discharge to HC facility	1822 (22.1)	146 (26.9)
AMA	163 (2.0)	3 (0.6)
In-hospital death	342 (4.1)	145 (26.8)
Otherb	91 (1.1)	2 (0.4)

AMA: against medical advice; HC: healthcare; IQR: interquartile range; OR: operating room.

Other Race = American Indian, Asian, Hispanic, Multiracial, Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, Unknown.

Other Disposition = Hospice, law enforcement, unknown.

Elixhauser Scores calculated using diagnosis codes from the entire encounter.²³