Table 1.
Studies included in the systematic review on chronic opioid use after radiation for head and neck cancer ∗
| Source† | Sample size | Mean (SD) or median (IQR) age, y | Men, n | Women, n | Oral cavity primary, n | Oropharynx primary, n | Larynx primary, n | Other primary, n | Early stage (I-II), n | Advanced stage (III-IV), n | Surgery & adjuvant RT/CRT, n | RT alone, n | CRT, n | History of psychiatric d/o, n | History of former/current EtOH use or abuse, n | History of former/current smoking, n | Pre-treatment opioid use, n | Chronic pain condition, n | COU at 3 mo, n | COU at 6 mo, n | COU at 12 mo, n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bollig and Jorgensen, 201910 | 122 | 59.8 (SD: 9.1) | 113 | 9 | — | 122 | — | — | 122 | 0 | 25 | 62 ‡ | 18 | 50 | 49 | 23 | — | 56 | — | — | |
| Kallurkar et al, 201911 | 53 | 61.23 (SD: 12.62) | 39 | 14 | 6 | 23 | 17 | 11 | 8 | 26 | 21 | — | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | 16 | — | — |
| Kwon et al, 20139 | 70 | 56 (IQR: 50-64) | 56 | 14 | 1 | 57 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 64 | — | — | — | 9 | 21 | 46 | 10 | — | 44 | 23 | — |
| McDermott et al, 20198 | 811 | — § | 497 | 314 | 393 | 310 | — | — | 564 | 247 | 254 | 54 | 237 | — | 95 | 116 | 337 | — | 150 | 68 | — |
| Schumacher et al, 201913 | 276 | 60 (—) | 218 | 58 | 98 | — | 46 | 14 | 66 | 204 | 116 | 150 | 126 | 21 | — | 159 | 65 | 101 | — | — | 20 |
| Silver et al, 201912 | 198 | 62 (SD: 9) | 177 | 21 | — | 198 | — | — | 32 | 166 | 18 | 35 | 145 | 44 | 131 | 137 | 45 | 57 | 104 | — | — |
| Smith et al, 201914 | 311 | 58.4 (SD: 12.2) | 243 | 68 | 35 | 181 | 25 | 48 | 56 | 245 | 160 | — | 198 | — | 51 | 167 | 47 | — | — | 40 | — |
| Total n (%) | 1841 | — | 1343 (72.9) | 498 (27.1) | 533 (29.0) | 891 (48.4) | 93 (5.1) | 78 (4.2) | 854 (46.0) | 952 (50.3) | 594 (32.3) | 301 (16.3) | 738 (40.1) | 92 (13.8) | 348 (23.0) | 674 (44.6) | 527 (29.5) | 158 (33.3) | 370 (29.5) | 131 (11.0) | 20 (7.0) |
Abbreviations: COU = chronic opioid use; CRT = chemoradiotherapy; d/o = disorder; EtOH = alcohol; HPV = human papilloma virus; IQR = interquartile range; RT = radiation therapy; SD = standard deviation.
—: not reported
∗
All data were extracted independently by 2 authors (S.Z. and C.L.).
†
All included studies originated from centers in the United States.
‡
This study pooled patients who received RT alone and CRT.
§
This study reported age categories with no clearly defined mean or median age for all patients included.