Table 1.
Summary of the experimental setup parameters and results of the NE trials selected from literature.
| Parameters & results | Single laste Eimeria administration |
Early repeated Eimeria administration |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trial A | Trial B | Trial C | Trial D | Trial E | Trial F | ||
| Setup parameters | Reference | Mot et al. (2013) | Mot et al. (2013) | Van Waeyenberghe et al. (2016) | Da Costa et al. (2013) | Dierick et al. (2019) | Van Damme et al. (2020) |
| Housing density (birds/m2) | 15.3 | 19.3 | 20 | 16.6 | 18.7 | 18.7 | |
| Feed | Wheat/rye (43%/7.5%) | Wheat/rye (43%/7.5%) | Wheat/corn (48%/10%) | Wheat/rye (43%/7.5%) | Wheat/rye (43%/7.5%) | Wheat/rye (43%/7.5%) | |
| Protein source | Soybean meal | Soybean meal | Soybean meal | Soybean meal | Soybean meal | Soybean meal | |
| Day to switch to fishmeal | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | |
| Concentration fishmeal (%) | 30 | 30 | 40 | 30 | 30 | 30 | |
| Immunosuppression | Nobilis Gumboro D78 (in drinking water—day 16) | Nobilis Gumboro D78 (in drinking water—day 16) | / | Nobilis Gumboro D78 (in drinking water—day 16) | Nobilis Gumboro D78 (oral gavage—day 4 and 9) | Nobilis Gumboro D78 (oral gavage—day 4 and 9) | |
| Type of Eimeria | 10x Paracox-5 (oral gavage) | 10x Paracox-5 (oral gavage) | 10x Paracox-8 (oral gavage) | 10x Paracox-5 (oral gavage) | 10x Hipracox or Paracox-5 (oral gavage) | 10x Hipracox or Paracox-8 (oral gavage) | |
| Timing Eimeria challenge | Second day of CP challenge | Second day of CP challenge | Second day of CP challenge | Second day of CP challenge | Two and 4 days before CP challenge | Two and 4 days before CP challenge | |
| CP strain | CP56 | CP56 | CP56 | CP56 | CP56 | CP56 | |
| Timing CP challenge | Days 17–20 | Days 17–20 | Days 18–21 | Days 17–20 | Days 17–19 | Days 18–20 | |
| Lesion scoring system | Keyburn et al. (2006) | Keyburn et al. (2006) | Keyburn et al. (2006) | Keyburn et al. (2006) | Keyburn et al. (2006) | Keyburn et al. (2006) | |
| Timing necropsy | 4 to 6 d after first CP challenge | 4 to 6 d after first CP challenge | 1 to 5 d after first CP challenge | 1 to 3 d after first CP challenge | 3 d after first CP challenge | 3 d after first CP challenge | |
| Results | NE + animals | 48% | 52% | 32% | 48% | 62% | 85% |
| Mean lesion score (total) | 1.03 | 1.57 | 0.68 | 1.04 | 2.10 | 3.33 | |
| Mean lesion score (NE+) | 2.14 | 3 | 2.17 | 2.17 | 3.48 | 3.91 | |
Eimeria challenge was induced by oral gavage with a tenfold dose of a live attenuated vaccine: Hipracox (containing E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. praecox, and E. mitis), Paracox-5 (containing E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. mitis, and E. tenella), or Paracox-8 (containing E. acervulina, E.brunetti, E. maxima, E. mitis, E. necatrix, E. praecox, and E. tenella).
Abbreviations: CP, Clostridium perfringens; NE + animals, amount of animals with an NE lesion score equal to or higher than 2.