Fig. 2.

Phylogeny relating DNA sequences associated with COVID-19 severity on chromosome 12. Haplotypes from three Neandertal genomes, the Denisovan genome, and haplotypes seen more than 20 times in individuals in the 1000 Genomes Project are included. The colored area indicates haplotypes that carry the protective allele at rs1156361. The tree is rooted with the inferred ancestral sequence from Ensembl (46). Six heterozygous positions in the archaic genomes were excluded. Haplotypes XXIX and XXX are partially made up of Neandertal-like DNA sequences due to recombination events.