Table 3.
Characteristics and FDG PET/CT scan findings in SSc patients without ILD (n = 14) and with ILD (n = 22)
| SSc patients without ILD (n = 14) | SSc patients with ILD (n = 22) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Potential confusion factors | |||
| Sex, female, no. (%) | 11 (78.6) | 9 (40.9) | 0.027 |
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 54.6 ± 14.3 | 61.3 ± 10.6 | 0.12 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 25.6 ± 5.8 | 25.1 ± 6.0 | 0.80 |
| Glycemia, g/L, mean ± SD | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.35 |
| Injection-perfusion duration, minutes, mean ± SD | 70.3 ± 11.9 | 75.6 ± 11.9 | 0.20 |
| Disease characteristics | |||
| Cutaneous subset, limited, no. (%) | 8 (57.1) | 11 (50.0) | 0.68 |
| Disease duration, no. (%) | 0.11 | ||
| < 2 years | 8 (57.1) | 6 (27.3) | |
| 2–4 years | 1 (7.1) | 7 (31.8) | |
| > 4 years | 5 (35.7) | 9 (40.9) | |
| Antibody status, no. (%) | |||
| Anti-nuclear | 13 (92.9) | 21 (95.5) | NA |
| Anti-centromere | 7 (50.0) | 5 (22.7) | 0.15 |
| Anti-topoisomerase I | 1 (7.1) | 9 (40.9) | 0.054 |
| Anti-RNA polymerase III | 1 (7.1) | 3 (13.6) | NA |
| Organ involvement, no. (%) | |||
| Lung | |||
| Current %FVC, mean ± SD | 100 ± 10 | 80 ± 20 | 0.015 |
| Current %DLCO, mean ± SD | 70 ± 20 | 50 ± 20 | 0.002 |
| Osteoarticular | 7 (58.3) | 7 (35.0) | 0.20 |
| Muscle | 3 (27.3) | 3 (23.1) | NA |
| Current mRSS, mean ± SD | 13.6 ± 13.1 | 13.9 ± 11.5 | 0.96 |
| Gastrointestinal tract | 9 (64.3) | 15 (68.2) | 1.00 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 3 (21.4) | 5 (22.7) | NA |
| Calcinosis | 2 (14.3) | 2 (10.5) | NA |
| Telangiectasia | 11 (78.6) | 11 (52.4) | 0.12 |
| Ulcer digital | 3 (21.4) | 7 (35.0) | 0.47 |
| Heart | 1 (7.1) | 5 (22.7) | NA |
| Current treatments, no. (%) | |||
| Steroids | 3 (21.4) | 10 (45.5) | 0.14 |
| Immunosuppressive drugs | 3 (21.4) | 10 (45.5) | 0.14 |
| 18F-FDG PET/CT scan findings, no (%) | |||
| Lung | |||
| Abnormal interstitial pattern | 1 (7.1) | 14 (63.6) | <.001‡ |
| hv/SUVmax, mean ± SD | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 0.9 | <.001† |
| s/SUVmax, mean ± SD | 9.8 ± 4.1 | 17.3 ± 6.0 | <.001† |
| s/Intensities, median (IQR) | 0.0 (0.0; 0.0) | 8.0 (2.0; 12.0) | <.001† |
| Lymph node | |||
| Mediastinal, abnormal pattern | 2 (14.3) | 7 (31.8) | 0.43 |
| Hilar, abnormal pattern | 2 (14.3) | 6 (27.3) | 0.44 |
| Osteoarticular, abnormal pattern | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | NA |
| Muscle, abnormal pattern | 1 (7.1) | 2 (9.1) | NA |
| Skin, abnormal pattern | 1 (7.1) | 1 (4.5) | NA |
| Esophagus, abnormal pattern | 9 (64.3) | 17 (77.3) | 1.0 |
BMI body mass index, %FVC forced vital capacity (as % predicted values), %DLCO diffusing capacity for the lung of carbon monoxide (as % predicted values), hv/SUVmax highest value of the SUVmax among the 10 pulmonary SUVmax, IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation, s/Intensities sum of the 10 pulmonary intensities, s/SUVmax sum of the 10 pulmonary SUVmax, NA not applicable. ‡p value adjusted on BMI = 0.021; †p value adjusted on BMI, <.001