Table 1.

Different Medical Applications of CNTs

Application	Description	Ref.
Diagnosis and Imaging
Bio-sensing	CNTs show special optical, mechanical, and electronic properties that make them attractive candidate materials for the manufacture of optical and electrochemical biosensors	[141]
Bio-imaging	Features such as high photostability and absence of quenching, make CNTs suitable for bio-imaging applications	[151]
Therapy Applications
Photo-Thermal Therapy	The ability of CNTs to convert near infrared radiation (NIR) into heat is well known	[152]
Tissue Engineering	CNTs are good materials for tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility, rigidity, mimicking of natural tissue nanofibers, stimulating the adhesion and proliferation of cells and ability to form strong 3D architectures	[153]
Drug/gene Delivery	CNTs have been considered as carriers for drug/gene delivery due to their high surface area, multifunctional surface chemistry, lack of immunogenicity and unique needle-like shapes with an ability to easily penetrate cell membranes	[75,154]
Lab-on-a-chip devices	Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices are miniaturized systems in which tiny volumes of fluids flowing in various channels are designed for purposes such as drug screening, cell growth, and disease models. In this regard, CNTs have been used as membrane channels, sensors and channel walls in LOC devices.	[155]