Table 4.
Correlates of cross-border malaria reported in Roraima and originating from Venezuela and Guyana, 2016–2018
| Variable name | Odds ratio | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.09 | < 0.001 |
| Nationality (Ref. = Brazilian) | ||||
| Guyanese | 49.03 | 7.95 | 302.20 | < 0.001 |
| Venezuelan | 233.76 | 109.41 | 499.43 | |
| Type of cross-border (Ref. = Transnational) | ||||
| Border | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.62 | < 0.001 |
| Sex (Ref. Female) | ||||
| Male | 0.90 | 0.82 | 0.97 | 0.010 |
| Age group (Ref. ≤ 5 years) | ||||
| 5 to 15 | 0.57 | 0.46 | 0.71 | < 0.001 |
| 16 to 24 | 2.28 | 1.89 | 2.75 | < 0.001 |
| 25 to 40 | 2.63 | 2.20 | 3.16 | < 0.001 |
| 41 to 64 | 1.78 | 1.47 | 2.15 | < 0.001 |
| 65+ | 0.67 | 0.46 | 0.98 | 0.038 |
| Occupation (Ref. = Other) | ||||
| Agriculture | 0.22 | 0.19 | 0.25 | < 0.001 |
| Domestic | 0.58 | 0.48 | 0.71 | < 0.001 |
| Forestry | 2.66 | 1.95 | 3.62 | < 0.001 |
| Hunting/Fishing | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.16 | < 0.001 |
| Mining | 55.76 | 50.59 | 61.46 | < 0.001 |
| Tourism | 4.60 | 3.50 | 6.04 | < 0.001 |
| Traveling | 1.62 | 1.37 | 1.92 | < 0.001 |
| Parasite (Ref. = Mixed/Other) | ||||
| P. falciparum | 0.93 | 0.73 | 1.19 | < 0.560 |
| P. vivax | 0.18 | 0.15 | 0.22 | < 0.001 |
| Interaction terms | ||||
| Guyana:Border | 0.74 | 0.09 | 6.25 | 0.783 |
| Venezuela:Border | 9.48 | 3.68 | 24.43 | < 0.001 |
| Detection type (Ref. = active) | ||||
| Passive | 5.30 | 4.24 | 6.61 | < 0.001 |