Table 1.
Baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics of 129 patients on hemodialysis.
| Characteristic | NT-pro BNP ≤ 2,033 (n = 32) | 2,033 < NT-pro BNP ≤ 4,992 (n = 32) | 4,992 < NT-pro BNP ≤ 15,807 (n = 33) | 15,807 < NT-pro BNP ≤ 35,000 (n = 32) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 58.2 ± 11.6 | 59.9 ± 13.9 | 62.4 ± 13.6 | 59.9 ± 12.4 | 0.681 |
| Sex (men, %) | 62.1 | 62.1 | 32.1 | 69.0 | 0.024 |
| HD Durations (months) | 47.7 (21.1–96.1) | 67.9 (30.2–108.3) | 48.8 (31.7–92.3) | 53.9 (25.5–74.9) | 0.196 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 23.2 ± 2.8 | 22.7 ± 4.2 | 22.2 ± 3.9 | 22.3 ± 3.6 | 0.710 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.69 ± 0.2 | 1.68 ± 0.2 | 1.57 ± 0.2 | 1.69 ± 0.2 | 0.036 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 136 ± 20 | 140 ± 25 | 144 ± 22 | 158 ± 20 | 0.005 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77 ± 11 | 78 ± 17 | 78 ± 11 | 82 ± 20 | 0.701 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 97 ± 13 | 99 ± 19 | 100 ± 13 | 107 ± 17 | 0.113 |
| HR (bpm) | 79 ± 10 | 75 ± 10 | 74 ± 10 | 75 ± 11 | 0.281 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||||
| Hb (g/L) | 119 ± 11 | 113 ± 14 | 110 ± 12 | 101 ± 21 | <0.001 |
| HCT (%) | 38 ± 4 | 36 ± 5 | 35 ± 4 | 32 ± 7 | 0.003 |
| Alb (g/L) | 41 ± 3 | 40 ± 3 | 39 ± 3 | 37 ± 8 | 0.009 |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 1,025 ± 317 | 1,051 ± 295 | 860 ± 239 | 965 ± 285 | 0.058 |
| β2MB (mg/L) | 31.8 ± 9.8 | 36.6 ± 7.4 | 33.1 ± 10.5 | 36.2 ± 9.9 | 0.155 |
| iPTH (pg/mL) | 226.5 (155.8–319.0) | 258.0 (166.0–487.5) | 214.0 (110.3–329.0) | 285.0 (194.0–507.0) | 0.589 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 200.5 (147.2–388.8) | 236.0 (63.6–467.0) | 217.5 (119.0–361.8) | 250.0 (131.3–389.5) | 0.998 |
| 25-hydroxy vitamin D (ng/mL) | 31.9 (24.2–43.1) | 24.3 (19.6–27.1) | 23.8 (20.7–31.3) | 19.4 (17.9–27.0) | 0.099 |
| Na (mmol/L) | 138.0 ± 3.0 | 137.8 ± 2.5 | 138.5 ± 2.7 | 138.2 ± 3.8 | 0.876 |
| K (mmol/L) | 4.6 ± 0.6 | 5.1 ± 0.8 | 4.8 ± 0.8 | 4.7 ± 0.7 | 0.085 |
| Ca (mmol/L) | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 0.271 |
| P (mmol/L) | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 0.036 |
| Volume status | |||||
| OH (L) | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 2.2 ± 1.6 | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 4.0 ± 2.1 | <0.001 |
| ROH (%) | 7.5 | 11.7 | 15.5 | 20.6 | <0.001 |
| TBW (L) | 39.2 ± 7.7 | 37.8 ± 7.3 | 32.6 ± 8.4 | 38.5 ± 7.5 | 0.006 |
| ECW (L) | 17.4 ± 3.0 | 17.5 ± 3.4 | 15.7 ± 3.7 | 18.9 ± 3.6 | 0.011 |
| ICW (L) | 21.8 ± 5.0 | 20.3 ± 4.4 | 16.8 ± 5.1 | 19.6 ± 4.4 | 0.001 |
| E/I | 0.81 ± 0.1 | 0.87 ± 0.1 | 0.96 ± 0.1 | 0.98 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| BCM | 27.3 ± 8.4 | 24.5 ± 8.6 | 20.2 ± 8.8 | 24.2 ± 7.3 | 0.018 |
| Echocardiographic examination | |||||
| LVMI (g/m2) | 106.3 ± 23.8 | 115.1 ± 25.6 | 122.3 ± 25.7 | 144.5 ± 42.8 | <0.001 |
| LVEF (%) | 64.5 | 64.4 | 64.1 | 56.1 | <0.001 |
| LAD (mm) | 37.1 ± 3.2 | 40.9 ± 5.0 | 41.2 ± 4.1 | 43.9 ± 6.8 | <0.001 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 46.9 ± 5.2 | 48.7 ± 4.4 | 47.9 ± 5.9 | 51.8 ± 8.2 | 0.023 |
| LVESD (mm) | 30.1 ± 3.4 | 31.3 ± 3.3 | 31.0 ± 4.7 | 36.9 ± 9.5 | <0.001 |
| IVST (mm) | 10.8 ± 1.6 | 11.0 ± 1.5 | 11.2 ± 1.6 | 11.8 ± 1.6 | 0.113 |
| PWT (mm) | 10.3 ± 1.5 | 10.3 ± 1.2 | 10.9 ± 1.6 | 11.2 ± 1.6 | 0.049 |
Data are presented as means ± SDs or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables. NT-pro BNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; HR, heart rate; Hb, hemoglobin; HCT, hematocrit; Alb, albumin; Scr, serum creatinine; β2MB, β2 microglobulin; iPTH, parathyroid hormone; K, potassium; Ca, calcium; P, phosphorus; OH, overhydration; ROH, relative overhydration, ECW, extracellular water; ICW, intracellular water; E/I, extracellular water/intracellular water; BCM, body cell mass; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end systolic diameter; IVST, interventricular septum thickness; PWT, left ventricular posterior wall thickness.