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. 2021 Jan 18;28(3):861–883. doi: 10.1038/s41418-020-00722-7

Fig. 2. Post-translational modifications positively regulate necroptosis.

Fig. 2

RIPK1 is positively regulated by K63-linked ubiquitination (PELI1), removal of M1-linked ubiquitin chains (CYLD), and autophosphorylation. RIPK3 autophosphorylation is required for its interaction with, and phosphorylation of, MLKL. This is promoted by RIPK3 ubiquitination at K5, as well as CK1-mediated phosphorylation in some contexts. TAM kinase-mediated phosphorylation was proposed to promote MLKL clustering at plasma membrane into hotspots.