Figure 3.

Longitudinal monitoring of thromboinflammation activation in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Analyzed complement related parameters included activation by the CPW and APW (A, B). levels of C3, C3d,g and the C3d,g/C3 ratio (C, D, E), C4 and C4d (F, G), Factor B, C1q, and MBL (H, I, J), the activation markers C3a, the C3a/C3 ratio, and the sC5b-9 complex (K, L, M). Additional parameters included the levels of TAT (N), prekallikrein (O), and D-dimer (P). Red dots: patients who died; black dots: patients who survived. The dotted lines mark the reference range. The presented data are from 19 of the first included patients that were followed for up to 1 month. CPW, classical pathway of complement; APW, alternative pathway of complement; MBL, mannose binding lectin; TAT, thrombin-antithrombin.