FIGURE 4.

Schematic view of the connection between the Gac/Rsm signaling cascade with biofilm formation through c-di-GMP turnover, adhesins and exopolysaccharides. The Rsm proteins exert a complex regulation on the response regulator with DGC activity CfcR, at the transcriptional (via RpoS), translational (via direct binding), and post-translational (via the histidine kinase CfcA, required for phosphorylation of CfcR) levels. Direct influence of Rsm proteins on structural elements of the biofilm matrix, and indirect influence via RpoS and the c-di-GMP associated regulator FleQ are also depicted. Blue arrows indicate positive regulation and red lines negative regulation.