Figure 4.

Functional analysis of the 17 DEGs using the expression levels of the patients included in the derivation dataset GSE66099 containing 228 samples. The Gene Ontology terms representing our knowledge for the biological domain are grouped on the basis of three major aspects: Biological Processes (BP), Cellular Components (CC), and Molecular Function (MF). A biological process is a specific objective that an organism is genetically designed to accomplish. It is often described by the ending state or the outcome. For instance, a biological process defined as “cell division” results in the creation of a divided cell (two daughter cells) from a single parent cell. A Cellular Component (CC) defines a location occupied by a macromolecular machine during the execution of a specific molecular function. For instance, “cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane” is a cellular component defining the location of a gene product relative to cellular structures. A Molecular Function (MF) represents the primary activity of a gene product at the molecular level. Biochemical activities such as “binding” or “catalysis” are examples of GO terms representing molecular functions. In this figure, the y-axis represents the gene ontology terms and the x-axis represents the “Gene Ratio” or the percentage of total DEGs in the given GO term. The size of the dot or the “Gene Count” represents the number of genes associated with the enriched term and the color of the dot represents the significance of the terms (more significant terms being redder). “P.adjust” is the p-value adjusted using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure.