(A-B) RNA sequencing analysis of muscles from aged muscle mice that were treated daily with 15-PGDH inhibitor, SW033291 (SW) or vehicle for 1 mo. (n=3 each). (A) KEGG and GO Term analysis of downregulated (left) and upregulated (right) genes. (B) Heatmap of protein ubiquitin related genes (left) and TGF-beta signaling pathway (right) identified in (A). (C) Immunoblots of muscle lysates from aged vehicle and SW treated mice (left) and quantification (right) (n=3 aged veh, n=4 aged SW). (D) Expression level of MuRF1 (Trim63), Atrogin-1 (Fbxo32) and Myostatin (Mstn) (n=15 aged veh, n=8 aged SW) and Musa, Smart and Traf6 (n=7 aged veh, n=6 aged SW). (E) Expression level of MuRF1 (Trim63), Atrogin-1 (Fbxo32) and Myostatin (Mstn) measured by qPCR (n=5 aged scr, n=4 aged sh15PGDH). *P<0.05, **P<0.01. Unpaired t-test (C-E). MeansĀ±s.e.m. Abbreviation: KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; GO: Gene Ontology; BP: Biological Process; MF: Molecular Function; CC: Cellular Component. C57Bl/6 aged (>24 mo.) mice were used.