Table III.
Effects of PAD in elderly patients with bile duct stones who received ERCP.
| Group, n (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variates | Total | PAD | N-PAD | χ2 | P-value |
| Sex | 13.543 | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 115 | 89 (68.99) | 26 (41.27) | ||
| Female | 77 | 40 (31.01) | 37 (58.73) | ||
| Papilla cannulation | 2.694 | 0.101 | |||
| Difficult cannulation | 30 | 16 (12.90) | 14 (22.22) | ||
| Routine cannulation | 157 | 108 (87.10) | 49 (77.78) | ||
| Papilla cutting | 10.800 | 0.001 | |||
| Simple sphincter stretching | 49 | 42 (33.33) | 7 (11.11) | ||
| EST | 140 | 84 (66.67) | 56 (88.89) | ||
| Maximum diameter of stone, cm | 4.240 | 0.120 | |||
| 1.0-1.9 | 112 | 79 (65.83) | 33 (60.00) | ||
| <1.0 | 42 | 24 (20.00) | 18 (32.73) | ||
| ≥2 | 21 | 17 (14.17) | 4 (7.27) | ||
| Multiplicity/property of stones | 1.359 | 0.507 | |||
| Single | 68 | 43 (34.13) | 25 (39.68) | ||
| Multiple | 101 | 71 (56.35) | 30 (47.62) | ||
| Mud-like and not formed | 20 | 12 (9.52) | 8 (12.70) | ||
| Lithotomy status | - | 0.648 | |||
| Partial stone extraction + biliary stent | 10 | 8 (6.40) | 2 (3.17) | ||
| Complete stone extraction | 168 | 111 (88.80) | 57 (90.48) | ||
| Biliary stent inserted without stone extraction | 10 | 6 (4.80) | 4 (6.35) | ||
| Mechanical lithotripsy | 0.619 | 0.432 | |||
| Unsuccessful | 166 | 109 (86.51) | 57 (90.48) | ||
| Successful | 23 | 17 (13.49) | 6 (9.52) | ||
| Complications | - | 0.162 | |||
| Hemorrhage | 1 | 0 (0.00) | 1 (1.59) | ||
| Cholangitis | 153 | 106 (82.81) | 47 (74.60) | ||
| Pancreatitis | 37 | 22 (17.19) | 15 (23.81) | ||
| Common bile duct diameter, cm | 0.653 | 0.419 | |||
| <1.50 | 63 | 40 (31.75) | 23 (37.70) | ||
| ≥1.5 | 124 | 86 (68.25) | 38 (62.30) | ||
| Repeated intervention | - | 0.150 | |||
| No | 177 | 116 (89.92) | 61 (96.83) | ||
| Yes | 15 | 13 (10.08) | 2 (3.17) | ||
PAD, periampullary duodenal diverticula; N-PAD group, patients without PAD; EST, endoscopic sphincterotomy