Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of the study population (from Swedish Mammography Cohort and Cohort of Swedish Men combined) by category of adherence to the Mediterranean diet score
| Mediterranean diet score (mMED) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low adherence 0–2 points | Medium adherence 3–5 points | High adherence 6–8 points | Total | |
| Total number (%) | 9284 (18.3) | 31 830 (62.7) | 9641 (19.0) | 50 755 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 4132 (44.5) | 14 263 (44.8) | 5016 (52.0) | 23 411 (46.1) |
| Male | 5152 (55.5) | 17 567 (55.2) | 4625 (48.0) | 27 344 (54.0) |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 59.66 (8.6) | 58.99 (8.3) | 58.62 (7.9) | 59.04 (8.3) |
| Height (cm), mean (SD) | 171.1 (9.0) n = 9017 | 172.0 (8.9) n = 31 191 | 171.7 (8.8) n = 9519 | 171.8 (8.9) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 25.6 (3.7) n = 8938 | 25.4 (3.4) n = 31 007 | 24.9 (3.3) n = 9481 | 25.3 (3.5) n = 49 426 |
| Energy intake (kcal), mean (SD) | 1902 (734) | 2303 (840) | 2539 (827) | 2274 (843), n = 47 477 |
| Live alone | ||||
| Yes | 1781 (20.5) | 5008 (16.8) | 1314 (14.7) | 8103 (17.1), n = 46 172 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| <1 h/week | 2247 (27.2) | 5781 (19.9) | 1187 (13.3) | 9215 (20.0) |
| 1 h | 1883 (22.8) | 6503 (22.4) | 1886 (21.2) | 10 272 (22.3) |
| 2-3 h | 2442 (29.6) | 9695 (33.4) | 3261 (36.6) | 15 398 (33.4) |
| 4-5 h | 840 (10.2) | 3510 (12.1) | 1254 (14.1) | 5604 (12.1) |
| >5 h/week | 847 (10.3) | 3517 (12.1) | 1319 (14.8) | 5683 (12.3), n = 50 083 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never | 2400 (26.3) | 6995 (22.3) | 1723 (18.0) | 11 118 (22.2) |
| Previous | 2680 (29.3) | 10 230 (32.6) | 3403 (35.6) | 16 313 (32.6) |
| Current | 4059 (44.4) | 14 167 (45.1) | 4426 (46.3) | 22 652 (45.2), n = 50 689 |
| Education | ||||
| Primary school | 7094 (76.6) | 21 209 (66.7) | 5360 (55.6) | 33 663 (66.4) |
| High school | 978 (10.6) | 3948 (12.4) | 1369 (14.2) | 6295 (12.4) |
| University | 1170 (12.6) | 6552 (20.6) | 2887 (30.0) | 10 609 (20.9) |
| Vocational | 24 (0.3) | 79 (0.3) | 19 (0.2) | 122 (0.2) |
| Vitamin D supplement use | 1373 (14.8) | 6164 (19.4) | 2426 (25.2) | 9963 (19.6) |
| Calcium supplement use | 1477 (15.9) | 6610 (20.8) | 2627 (27.3) | 10 714 (21.1) |
| Charlson comorbidity indexa | ||||
| 0 | 8905 (95.9) | 30 774 (96.7) | 9315 (96.6) | 48 994 (96.5) |
| 1 | 289 (3.1) | 783 (2.5) | 236 (2.5) | 1308 (2.6) |
| ≥2 | 90 (1.0) | 273 (0.8) | 90 (0.8) | 453 (0.9) |
| Incident type 2 diabetes (1997-2008)b | 717 (7.7) | 2134 (6.7) | 538 (5.6) | 3389 (6.7) |
| Hip fracture (2009-14) | 322 (3.5) | 841 (2.6) | 223 (2.3) | 1386 (2.7) |
a
Charlson comorbidity does not include diabetes.
b
Incident type 2 diabetes (between 1997 and 2008) from self-reported questionnaire.