Table 3.
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the total and the conditional controlled direct effects of Mediterranean diet on hip fracture with respect to T2DM as a mediator
| Total effect |
Conditional controlled direct effect with respect to T2DM as a mediator |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | Model 4d | |
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
|
0 (reference) (lowest adherence) |
1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1 | 0.82 (0.71, 0.95) | 0.82 (0.71, 0.95) | 0.82 (0.71, 0.94) | 0.82 (0.71, 0.95) |
|
2 (highest adherence) |
0.75 (0.62, 0.91) | 0.75 (0.62, 0.91) | 0.73 (0.61, 0.90) | 0.73 (0.60, 0.88) |
All models include the same set of confounders C: age, education, physical activity, smoking status, living alone status, calcium supplement use, vitamin D supplement use, total energy intake and Charlson comorbidity index.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.;T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; MSM, marginal structural model.
Estimated using logistic regression conditional on confounders C.
Estimated using logistic regression conditional on confounders C and the mediator T2DM.
Estimated using logistic regression conditional on confounders C, the mediator T2DM and the exposure-induced mediator-outcome confounder BMI.
Estimated using a conditional marginal structural model with stabilized inverse probability weights for the mediator T2DM, conditional on confounders C. Please refer to Supplementary Table S1 for estimates for the marginal controlled direct effect based on a marginal structural model that is marginalized over the distribution of confounders (C).