Table 1.
Demographics and injury characteristics of patients involved in an MCC with an upper extremity injury.
| Number (#) | Percent (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Total patients | 571 | 100.00 |
| Age (years); mean ± SD | 38.48 ± 13.62 | |
| 0–19 | 35 | 6.13 |
| 20–29 | 153 | 26.80 |
| 30–39 | 107 | 18.74 |
| 40–49 | 141 | 24.69 |
| 50–59 | 102 | 17.86 |
| 60–69 | 26 | 4.55 |
| ≥ 70 | 5 | 0.88 |
| Unknown | 2 | 0.35 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 508 | 89.28 |
| Female | 61 | 10.72 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White | 438 | 76.71 |
| Black | 61 | 10.68 |
| Hispanic | 57 | 9.98 |
| Other/unknown | 15 | 2.63 |
| Helmet usage | ||
| Helmeted | 158 | 27.67 |
| Non-helmeted | 383 | 67.08 |
| Unknown | 30 | 5.25 |
| EtOH intoxication | ||
| Intoxicated (BAC > 0) | 189 | 33.10 |
| Sober (BAC = 0) | 359 | 62.87 |
| Unknown | 23 | 4.03 |
| GCS; mean ± SD | 12.78 ± 4.35 | |
| Minor (≥13) | 422 | 73.91 |
| Moderate (9–12) | 11 | 1.93 |
| Severe (<9) | 92 | 16.11 |
| Unknown | 46 | 8.06 |
| ISS; mean ± SD | 18.26 ± 13.04 | |
| < 15 | 286 | 50.09 |
| 15–19 | 73 | 12.78 |
| 20–24 | 88 | 15.41 |
| 25–29 | 53 | 9.28 |
| ≥ 30 | 69 | 12.08 |
| Unknown | 2 | 0.35 |
| Any bony injury | ||
| Patients | 271 | 47.46 |
| Fractures* | 338 | 59.19 |
| Humerus fracture | 53 | 15.68 |
| Forearm fracture | 141 | 41.72 |
| Hand fracture | 144 | 42.60 |
| Upper extremity dislocation | 88 | 15.41 |
| Acromioclavicular (AC) | 20 | 22.73 |
| Shoulder | 18 | 20.45 |
| Wrist | 15 | 17.05 |
| Other | 35 | 39.77 |
| Any soft tissue injury | 36 | 6.30 |
| Compartment syndrome | 14 | 2.45 |
| Amputation | 6 | 1.05 |
| Arterial injuries | 3 | 0.53 |
| Plastics involvement in care | 43 | 7.53 |
*
Individual fractures of patients sustaining bilateral or multiple upper extremity fractures are included as separate injuries.
MCC: motorcycle crash; EtOH: alcohol; BAC: blood alcohol concentration; SD: standard deviation.