Table 1.

Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy

Neurological	Orthopedic	Cognitive	Vision/Hearing	Aerodigestive	Other
Ataxia	Femoral anteversion	Autism	Conductive hearing impairment	Aspiration pneumonia	Disorder sleep  initiation
Athetosis	Hip dislocation	Epilepsy	Cortical visual  impairment	Constipation	Disordered sleep  maintenance
Dystonia	Hip dysplasia	Intellectual impairment	Dyskinetic strabismus	Dysarthria	Failure to thrive/ poor growth
Gait disorder	Hip subluxation	Learning disabilities	High myopia	Dysphagia	Low bone mineral  density
Hyperreflexia	Joint contracture		Retinopathy of Prematurity	Gastresophageal reflux	Neurogenic bladder
Hypotonia	Patella alta		Sensorineural hearing  impairment	Obstructive sleep apnea	Muscle spasms
Impaired gross motor  coordination	Scoliosis			Respiratory disorders  (reduced forced  vital capacity,  forced expiratory  volume, peak  expiratory flow)	Pain
Impaired fine motor  coordination	Tibial torsion			Sialorrhea
Spasticity