The accuracy of state-decoding is not related to whether rats accurately chose the side with the preferred outcome. a, State-decoding accuracy across the trial divided into appropriate choices (free-choices of the 3-drop reward; solid line) or inappropriate choices (free-choices of the 1-drop reward; dotted line), excluding the first 10 trials after changes in drop number. All neurons on which enough inappropriate choices were made were included (n = 535). b, Line plots represent decoding accuracy as a function of ensemble size in both conditions during the ITI, prechoice, and postreward epochs.