Table 1.
Comparison of strata and agency characteristics for U.S. home health agencies and survey respondents, 2018.
| Universe of U.S. Agencies (n = 11,549) | Survey Respondents (n = 536) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unweighted | Weighted | Unweighted | ||
| % | % | p-value† | % | |
| Strata Characteristics | ||||
| Rural | 14.8 | 14.8 | * | 39.7 |
| Urban | 85.2 | 85.2 | * | 60.3 |
| Census region | ||||
| Northeast (including Puerto Rico) | 9.4 | 9.4 | * | 11.6 |
| Midwest | 26.8 | 26.8 | * | 28.7 |
| South | 43.9 | 43.9 | * | 40.9 |
| West | 19.9 | 19.9 | * | 18.7 |
| Ownership | ||||
| For-profit | 81.4 | 81.4 | * | 64.4 |
| Nonprofit | 14.8 | 14.8 | * | 27.3 |
| Government | 3.8 | 3.8 | * | 8.4 |
| Agency Characteristics | ||||
| Agency Oversight | ||||
| Hospital | 6.8 | 8.6 | 0.08 | 17.0 |
| Visiting Nurse Association | 4.9 | 7.0 | 0.08 | 8.0 |
| Medicare Only | 21.6 | 18.0 | 0.06 | 14.7 |
| Operates Medicare Hospice | 5.6 | 5.3 | 0.72 | 8.8 |
| Part of a System of Branches | 13.7 | 15.1 | 0.40 | 17.4 |
| Services Provided In-House | ||||
| Nursing Services | 92.2 | 91.3 | 0.54 | 92.4 |
| Home Health Aide Services | 85.7 | 86.7 | 0.58 | 88.4 |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p-value⁎, † | Mean (SD) | |
| Nurse Staffing | ||||
| % RN | 58.7 (23.9) | 57.6 (25.6) | 0.40 | 59.4 (24.1) |
| % LPN/LVN | 20.4 (19.8) | 19.7 (19.6) | 0.50 | 17.1 (18.4) |
| % Home Health Aides | 20.9 (20.6) | 22.7 (23.3) | 0.14 | 23.5 (21.9) |
| QoPC Star Rating‡ | 3.27 (0.93) | 3.34 (0.92) | 0.20 | 3.27 (0.88) |
| HHCAHPS Summary Star Rating‡ | 3.70 (0.97) | 3.74 (0.93) | 0.54 | 3.93 (0.87) |
LPN/LVN = Licensed Practical Nurse/Licensed Vocational Nurse; RN = Registered Nurse; QoPC = Quality of Patient Care; HHCAHPS = Home Health Care Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems. Strata characteristics are measures used to define sampling strata.
⁎
p = 1.00; weighted estimates for variables used for probability weights are equal to universe of U.S. agencies.
†
p-values, generated using regression, are a test of equivalence of the U.S. agencies and weighted survey respondents and are significant at α < 0.05.
‡
20.4% and 46.4% of agencies had missing values for QoPC Star Rating and HHCAHPS Summary Star Rating, respectively.