Table 2.

The risk of type 1 diabetes associated with being overweight (including obese) and obese by age and time-varying model of being overweight (including obese) and obese and up to 10 years of age using IOTF BMI cut-off points (N=2149)

Variable	From multiple IAa to type 1 diabetes (n=133)				Type 1 diabetes (n=172)
	HR	95% CI	p value		HR	95% CI	p value
Overweight (%)
2 years	1.83	0.84, 3.98	0.13		1.26	0.71, 2.21	0.43
3 years	3.61	1.73, 7.54	<0.001		1.07	0.62, 1.83	0.82
4 years	1.65	0.85, 3.21	0.14		1.50	0.89, 2.52	0.13
5 years	1.96	1.03, 3.72	0.04		1.75	1.03, 2.96	0.04
6 years	3.01	1.37, 6.64	0.006		1.86	1.05, 3.31	0.03
7 years	2.84	1.25, 6.44	0.01		1.49	0.82, 2.72	0.19
8 years	2.41	1.09, 5.31	0.03		1.42	0.77, 2.62	0.26
9 years	2.36	0.68, 8.25	0.18		1.35	0.66, 2.77	0.41
10 years	2.30	0.41, 13.02	0.34		1.31	0.53, 3.26	0.56
Obesity (%)
2 years	6.76	1.68, 27.28	0.007		1.59	0.50, 5.08	0.44
3 years	18.88	4.27, 83.45	<0.001		1.73	0.63, 4.77	0.29
4 years	1.83	0.56, 5.99	0.32		1.44	0.52, 4.00	0.48
5 years	2.79	0.77, 10.05	0.12		1.83	0.78, 4.31	0.17
6 years	3.38	1.07, 10.68	0.04		2.40	1.12, 5.14	0.02
7 years	1.61	0.46, 5.61	0.46		1.60	0.67, 3.83	0.29
8 years	1.96	0.71, 5.45	0.20		2.07	0.94, 4.55	0.07
9 years	1.54	0.31, 7.57	0.59		1.98	0.74, 5.33	0.18
10 years	70.85	1.11, 4529.89	0.04		2.15	0.68, 6.83	0.19
Overweight up to 10 years	2.17	1.12, 4.19	0.02		2.39	1.46, 3.92	<0.001
Obesity up to 10 years	0.98	0.21, 4.61	0.98		2.08	0.93, 4.64	0.07
Overweight (joint modelling)					2.16	1.40, 3.21	0.004
Obesity (joint modelling)

HRs adjusted for birthweight z score and birth length z score, sex, HLA risk, maternal type 1 diabetes status, mode of delivery and breastfeeding duration, and stratified by region of residence. Presented p values are nominal (uncorrected) p values, and were considered significant if <0.005. Shaded analyses: model failed to converge

^aAntibodies include IAA, IA-2A, GADA and ZnT8A; the number of children with multiple IA=190