Table 4.
Beta estimates and confidence intervals for the association between core body temperature and hypothenar temperature and PPT, VAS, FIQ-R, CSS, sleep, fatigue, and anxiety among women with fibromyalgia (cases) and healthy women (controls).
| Core body temperature °C |
Hypothenar temperature °C |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n = 80) |
Controls (n = 80) |
Cases (n = 80) |
Controls (n = 80) |
||||||||||
| β | 95%CI | p value | β | 95%CI | p value | β | 95%CI | p value | β | 95%CI | p value | ||
| VAS (mm) | 0.006 | (−0.002, 0.014) | 0.164 | 0.003 | (−0.003, 0.009) | 0.354 | 0.009 | (−0.008, 0.026) | 0.283 | 0.006 | (−0.010, 0.022) | 0.477 | |
| FIQ-R | |||||||||||||
| FIQ-R.1 | 0.017 | (−0.010, 0.043) | 0.210 | – | – | – | −0.045 | (−0.097, 0.007) | 0.086 | – | – | – | |
| FIQ-R.2 | 0.033 | (0.003, 0.062) | 0.030* | – | – | – | −0.013 | (−0.073, 0.047) | 0.676 | – | – | – | |
| FIQ-R.3 | 0.013 | (−0.005, 0.030) | 0.153 | – | – | – | 0.000 | (−0.001, 0.001) | 0.269 | – | – | – | |
| Total score | 0.009 | (0.001, 0.018) | 0.061 | – | – | – | −0.012 | (−0.030, 0.007) | 0.213 | – | – | – | |
| CSS | 0.001 | (−0.014, 0.014) | 0.971 | −0.003 | (−0.013, 0.007) | 0.499 | −0.009 | (−0.036, 0.019) | 0.518 | −0.014 | (−0.041, 0.012) | 0.282 | |
| Sleep Questionnaire Index | |||||||||||||
| Sleep quality | 0.050 | (−0.144, 0.244) | 0.607 | 0.002 | (−0.173, 0.176) | 0.985 | −0.134 | (−0.514, 0.247) | 0.486 | −0.210 | (−0.674, 0.253) | 0.368 | |
| Sleep latency | −0.048 | (−0.229, 0.133) | 0.602 | −0.021 | (−0.164, 0.123) | 0.776 | −0.031 | (−0.385, 0.324) | 0.863 | −0.094 | (−0.475, 0.287) | 0.623 | |
| Sleep duration | 0.026 | (−0.150, 0.201) | 0.771 | −0.038 | (−0.185, 0.110) | 0.612 | −0.035 | (−0.371, 0.301) | 0.835 | −0.193 | (−0.584, 0.197) | 0.327 | |
| Habitual sleep efficiency | −0.066 | (−0.214, 0.081) | 0.374 | −0.061 | (−0.202, 0.080) | 0.395 | 0.069 | (−0.214, 0.351) | 0.629 | −0.156 | (−0.531, 0.220) | 0.412 | |
| Sleep disturbances | 0.165 | (−0.144, 0.473) | 0.291 | 0.205 | (−0.054, 0.464) | 0.119 | −0.321 | (−0.925, 0.282) | 0.292 | −0.252 | (−0.951, 0.447) | 0.475 | |
| Sleeping medication | −0.021 | (−0.141, 0.099) | 0.726 | 0.044 | (−0.094, 0.182) | 0.531 | −0.242 | (−0.471, −0.01) | 0.039* | −0.212 | (−0.578, 0.154) | 0.252 | |
| Daytime dysfunction | 0.203 | (0.011, 0.395) | 0.039* | −0.161 | (−0.341, 0.019) | 0.079 | −0.012 | (−0.402, 0.377) | 0.950 | −0.163 | (−0.651, 0.325) | 0.508 | |
| Global score | −0.001 | (−0.044, 0.042) | 0.960 | −0.006 | (−0.040, 0.028) | 0.723 | −0.018 | (−0.100, 0.064) | 0.656 | 0.001 | (−0.109, 0.111) | 0.983 | |
| Fatigue | |||||||||||||
| MFI general fatigue | 0.058 | (−0.066, 0.066) | 0.998 | −0.010 | (−0.043, 0.023) | 0.547 | 0.011 | (−0.119, 0.141) | 0.872 | 0.008 | (−0.101, 0.117) | 0.885 | |
| MFI physical fatigue | −0.014 | (−0.068, 0.040) | 0.603 | −0.017 | (−0.051, 0.016) | 0.298 | −0.048 | (−0.154, 0.058) | 0.372 | −0.038 | (−0.127, 0.051) | 0.397 | |
| MFI mental fatigue | 0.069 | (−0.020, 0.157) | 0.125 | −0.031 | (−0.082, 0.019) | 0.215 | 0.052 | (−0.125, 0.228) | 0.562 | −0.041 | (−0.176, 0.093) | 0.541 | |
| MFI reduced activity | 0.045 | (0.005, 0.085) | 0.029* | −0.007 | (−0.048, 0.034) | 0.729 | −0.039 | (−0.121, 0.042) | 0.337 | −0.081 | (−0.177, 0.015) | 0.097 | |
| MFI reduced motivation | 0.001 | (−0.044, 0.046) | 0.953 | −0.031 | (−0.075, 0.012) | 0.151 | −0.022 | (−0.111, 0.067) | 0.623 | −0.083 | (−0.198, 0.032) | 0.156 | |
| Anxiety | 0.012 | (−0.003, 0.028) | 0.116 | −0.008 | (−0.022, 0.007) | 0.293 | −0.022 | (−0.053, 0.009) | 0.156 | −0.016 | (−0.053, 0.022) | 0.400 | |
| Pain pressure thresholds | |||||||||||||
| Occipital | D | −0.047 | (−0.269, 0.176) | 0.678 | 0.034 | (−0.077, 0.144) | 0.543 | −0.189 | (−0.627, 0.248) | 0.391 | −0.091 | (−0.389, 0.208) | 0.547 |
| ND | −0.056 | (−0.279, 0.168) | 0.621 | 0.030 | (−0.091, 0.151) | 0.622 | −0.150 | (−0.590, 0.291) | 0.500 | −0.015 | (−0.341, 0.311) | 0.927 | |
| Pain pressure thresholds | |||||||||||||
| Cervical Low | D | −0.060 | (−0.256, 0.135) | 0.541 | 0.016 | (−0.073, 0.105) | 0.719 | −0.167 | (−0.551, 0.218) | 0.91 | −0.068 | (−0.307, 0.171) | 0.572 |
| ND | −0.022 | (−0.219, 0.175) | 0.823 | 0.022 | (−0.057, 0.101) | 0.575 | 0.060 | (−0.328, 0.449) | 0.757 | −0.072 | (−0.286, 0.141) | 0.500 | |
| Trapezium | D | 0.024 | (−0.196, 0.244) | 0.827 | 0.064 | (−0.046, 0.174) | 0.253 | −0.092 | (−0.256, 0.343) | 0.676 | 0.056 | (−0.243, 0.356) | 0.709 |
| ND | −0.002 | (−0.257, 0.254) | 0.988 | 0.024 | (−0.066, 0.114) | 0.600 | 0.023 | (−0.481, 0.528) | 0.926 | −0.045 | (−0.288, 0.198) | 0.715 | |
| Supraspinatus | D | 0.072 | (−0.119, 0.264) | 0.453 | 0.034 | (−0.045, 0.112) | 0.400 | 0.034 | (−0.345, 0.413) | 0.858 | −0.015 | (−0.229, 0.199) | 0.888 |
| ND | −0.048 | (−0.256, 0.161) | 0.651 | 0.009 | (−0.033, 0.052) | 0.659 | −0.001 | (−0.413, 0.411) | 0.996 | −0.099 | (−0.319, 0.121) | 0.372 | |
| Second rib | D | −0.010 | (−0.331, 0.311) | 0.952 | 0.012 | (−0.032, 0.055) | 0.598 | −0.060 | (−0.693, 0.573) | 0.850 | −0.078 | (−0.417, 0.260) | 0.645 |
| ND | −0.073 | (−0.402, 0.255) | 0.659 | 0.018 | (−0.119, 0.155) | 0.794 | −0.279 | (−0.925, 0.367) | 0.392 | −0.027 | (−0.397, 0.343) | 0.886 | |
| Epicondyle | D | 0.049 | (−0.228, 0.325) | 0.726 | 0.030 | (−0.078, 0.138) | 0.585 | 0.070 | (−0.476, 0.616) | 0.799 | −0.036 | (−0.328, 0.256) | 0.806 |
| ND | −0.141 | (−0.406, 0.124) | 0.291 | 0.029 | (−0.076, 0.134) | 0.579 | 0.010 | (−0.517, 0.537) | 0.970 | −0.103 | (−0.386, 0.180) | 0.471 | |
| Second metacarpal | D | −0.030 | (−0.224, 0.163) | 0.757 | 0.071 | (−0.033, 0.174) | 0.178 | −0.010 | (−0.393, 0.372) | 0.957 | 0.075 | (−0.207, 0.358) | 0.596 |
| ND | −0.039 | (−0.271, 0.194) | 0.740 | 0.072 | (−0.014, 0.157) | 0.098 | 0.005 | (−0.454, 0.464) | 0.982 | 0.004 | (−0.230, 0.239) | 0.971 | |
| Gluteal muscle | D | 0.009 | (−0.090, 0.107) | 0.861 | 0.002 | (−0.058, 0.063) | 0.941 | 0.058 | (−0.137, 0.252) | 0.556 | 0.016 | (−0.148, 0.180) | 0.848 |
| ND | −0.025 | (−0.146, 0.095) | 0.678 | −0.005 | (−0.068, 0.057) | 0.864 | 0.117 | (−0.120, 0.354) | 0.327 | −0.003 | (−0.172, 0.165) | 0.968 | |
| Greater trochanter | D | −0.029 | (−0.159, 0.101) | 0.660 | 0.008 | (−0.057, 0.073) | 0.802 | 0.254 | (0.003, 0.504) | 0.047* | 0.001 | (−0.115, 0.115) | 0.995 |
| ND | −0.006 | (−0.143, 0.131) | 0.931 | 0.007 | (−0.059, 0.073) | 0.836 | 0.650 | (0.141, 1.159) | 0.013* | 0.226 | (−0.753, 1.205) | 0.647 | |
| Knee | D | −0.003 | (−0.128, 0.122) | 0.963 | −0.011 | (−0.081, 0.059) | 0.753 | 0.107 | (−0.139, 0.353) | 0.390 | −0.068 | (−0.255, 0.120) | 0.475 |
| ND | −0.101 | (−0.223, 0.021) | 0.102 | −0.037 | (−0.099, 0.025) | 0.239 | 0.089 | (−0.154, 0.332) | 0.469 | −0.090 | (−0.257, 0.078) | 0.291 | |
| Anterior tibial | D | 0.048 | (−0.061, 0.156) | 0.384 | 0.014 | (−0.028, 0.057) | 0.504 | 0.062 | (−0.152, 0.277) | 0.564 | 0.050 | (−0.123, 0.223) | 0.568 |
| ND | −0.020 | (−0.147, 0.108) | 0.761 | 0.033 | (−0.033, 0.100) | 0.320 | 0.035 | (−0.217, 0.287) | 0.784 | 0.026 | (−0.154, 0.207) | 0.772 | |
Beta (β) represents the regression coefficient. Adjusted for age, menopause status and body mass index.
95%CI, 95% confidence interval; CSS, central sensitization syndrome; D, dominant; FIQ-R, revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire; FIQ-R.1, activity level of the FIQ; FIQ-R.2, overall impact of the FIQ-R; FIQ-R.3, intensity of symptoms of the FIQ-R; MFI, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory; ND, non-dominant; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.