Table 2. Baseline laboratory findings of patients with COVID–19.

Parameter	Normal range	All patients (n=196)	Severe group (n=45)	Non-severe group (n=151)	P values
White blood cell count, ×109/L	3.5–9.5	4.6 [3.8–5.7]	4.5 [3.9–6.2]	4.7 [3.8–5.7]	0.271
Neutrophil count, ×109/L	1.8–6.3	2.9 [2.4–3.9]	3.5 [2.8–4.7]	2.8 [2.3–3.7]	<0.001*
Lymphocyte count, ×109/L	1.1–3.2	1.1 [0.8–1.4]	0.8 [0.6–1.0]	1.2 [0.9–1.5]	<0.001*
D-dimer, μg/mL	0–0.5	0.4 [0.3–0.8]	0.8 [0.5–1.2]	0.4 [0.3–0.5]	<0.001*
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L	7–40	24 [16–36]	26 [19–36]	22 [15–35]	0.065
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L	13–35	26 [20–35]	31 [26–51]	24 [19–33]	<0.001*
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L	120–250	242 [204–309]	342 [290–454]	228 [199–261]	<0.001*
Total bilirubin, μmol/L	3.4–20.5	8.2 [6.7–10.9]	9.0 [7.8–12.4]	7.9 [6.6–10.2]	0.018*
Albumin, g/L	40.0–55.0	40.7 [37.9–42.7]	37.8 [34.2–39.7]	41.2 [39.2–43.4]	<0.001*
Serum creatinine, μmol/L	Male: 53–106
Increased	Female: 44–97	17 (8.7)	6 (13.3)	11 (7.3)	0.230
Serum troponin I, ng/mL	0–0.040	0.022 [0.012–0.041]	0.036 [0.019–0.062]	0.019 [0.011–0.035]	<0.001*
Serum myoglobin, ng/mL	0–48.8	7.3 [3.2–17.5]	27.6 [8.4–63.7]	5.4 [2.7–11.5]	<0.001*
Procalcitonin, ng/mL	0–0.05	0.04 [0.02–0.07]	0.07 [0.05–0.15]	0.03 [0.02–0.06]	<0.001*
PaO2, KPa	10.0–14.0	12.2 [10.5–14.6]	11.1 [9.3–14.3]	12.5 [11.0–14.6]	0.022*
SaO2, %	91.9–99.0	97.5 [96.2–98.5]	96.7 [94.3–98.5]	97.6 [96.6–98.5]	0.020*
C-reactive protein, mg/L	<3.0	15.1 [5.3–33.5]	38.7 [26.8–88.2]	11.0 [4.3–22.2]	<0.001*
CD4+ T cell count, cell/μL	410–1590	406 [261–592]	216 [137–397]	453 [310–633]	<0.001*

Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range), and dichotomous variables are presented as numbers of patients, with percentages in parentheses. *, P<0.05; P values are from Fisher’s exact test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test when comparing the severe group with the non-severe group; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; PaO₂, partial pressure of oxygen; SaO₂, arterial oxygen saturation; CD4, cluster of differentiation 4.