Figure 3.

Glycolytic capacity and reserve were defective in sensory neurons from diabetic rats and were restored with IGF-1 treatment. DRG neurons derived from adult control and diabetic rats were cultured in the presence of 10 mM or 25 mM of glucose overnight and underwent glycolysis analysis test using the Seahorse XF24 bioanalyser. Media was replaced with no-glucose media 1 h prior to the experiment. Glucose (10 mM), oligomycin (1 μM) and 2-deoxy-glucose (2DG: a glucose analogue) (50 mM) were sequentially injected to determine the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). More details on glycolysis parameters are given in the method section. Data are mean ± SEM of N = 4–5 replicates; ∗ = p < 0.05 or ∗∗ = p < 0.01 or ∗∗∗ = p < 0.001; analysed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett's post-hoc test.