Table 1.
Demographics of studies included
| Study | No. of patients | No. of flaps | Age, mean (range), y | % Flap failure | Year range | Study type | Level of evidence | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sui et al (2019)4 | 42 | 42 | (2-14) | 0 | 2004-2016 | Retrospective case series | 4 | China |
| Khadim et al (2019)5 | 33 | 30 | (5-16) | 3 (1) | 2011-2017 | Retrospective case series | 4 | United Kingdom |
| Lee et al (2020)6 | 49 | 53 | 13 | 11.3 (6) | 1979-2017 | Retrospective case series | 4 | USA |
| Luo et al (2019)7 | 10 (1 UL) | 9 | 5.9 (2-11) | 0 | 2011-2016 | Retrospective case series | 4 | China |
| Branch et al (2017)8 | 27 | 2 | 5.5 | 0 | 2005-2015 | Retrospective case series | 4 | United States |
| Franco et al (2017)9 | 4 | 4 | 9 (5-13) | 0 | 2001-2012 | Retrospective case series | 4 | United States |
| Momeni et al (2017)10 | 40 | 40 | 11.4 (1-17) | 5 (2) | 1997-2012 | Retrospective case series | 4 | United States |
| Hu et al (2015)11 | 25 | 25 | 8.3 (4.5-14) | 0 | 2008-2013 | Retrospective case series | 4 | China |
| Acar et al (2015)12 | 11 | 11 | 8.9 (3-15) | 0 | 2010-2013 | Retrospective case series | 4 | Turkey |
| Laine et al (2016)13 | 8 | 4 | 10.4 (4-15) | 25 (1) | 1990-2010 | Retrospective case series | 4 | United States |