(A) Quantification analysis of relative ROS levels in brain tissue of rats in various groups at 24 h after SAH induction. **p = 0.0022 vs. Sham group; ##
p = 0.0165, @@
p = 0.0150 vs. SAH + Vehicle group; results analyzed using unpaired t‐test, n = 6. NS, no significant difference (p = 0.6560) vs. SAH group; unpaired t‐test, n = 6. (B) Graphs show the brain water content of rats in various groups at 24 h after SAH induction. **p = 0.0004 vs. Sham group; ##
p = 0.0177, @@
p = 0.0050 vs. SAH + Vehicle group; results analyzed using unpaired t‐test, n = 6. NS, no significant difference (p = 0.7463) vs. SAH group; unpaired t‐test, n = 6. (C) Neurological‐deficit scores of rats in various groups at 24 h after SAH induction. **p < 0.0001 vs. Sham group; ##
p = 0.0002, @@
p = 0.0030 vs. SAH + Vehicle group; results analyzed using unpaired t‐test, n = 12. NS, no significant difference (p = 0.7713) vs. SAH group; unpaired t‐test, n = 12. (D) Nissl staining shows surviving neurons in the CA2 hippocampal region and temporal cortex of rats in various groups at 24 h after SAH induction; black arrows indicate surviving neurons. Scale bar = 40µm. (E) Quantification analysis of surviving neurons in the CA2 region of the hippocampus, **p < 0.0001 vs. Sham group; ##
p = 0.0002, @@
p < 0.0001 vs. SAH + Vehicle group; results analyzed using unpaired t‐test, n = 6. NS, no significant difference (p = 0.7971) vs. SAH group; unpaired t‐test, n = 6. (F) Quantification analysis of surviving neurons in the temporal cortex, **p < 0.0001 vs. Sham group; ##
p = 0.0011, @@
p = 0.0020 vs. SAH + Vehicle group; results analyzed using unpaired t‐test, n = 6. NS, no significant difference (p = 0.8322) vs. SAH group; unpaired t‐test, n = 6. All data are shown as mean ± SEM. Mean values of the Sham group were normalized to 1.0