Figure 1.

Overview of hematopoiesis and transformation. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess self‐renewing capacity and are maintained as a small population. Generation of multipluripotent progenitor (MPP) cells devoid of self‐renewal, but with active proliferation, marks the path toward differentiation to ultimately form the cellular components of blood. Carcinogenic transformation at the HSC stage generates leukemic stem cells (LSCs); transformation of mature or immature cells at points downstream generates leukemic cells. Shown here is an overview of metabolic features of the leukemia types. Abbreviations: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; CE, cholesterol ester; CoQ10, coenzyme Q₁₀; FA, fatty acid; FAA, fatty acid amide; GLS, glutaminase; GSH, reduced glutathione; HIF‐1α, hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α; NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PGF2α, prostaglandin F_2α; PPP, pentose phosphate pathway; R‐2HG, (R)‐2‐hydroxyglutarate; RNS, reactive nitrogen species; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SM, sphingomyelin; TG, triglyceride; TxB3, thromboxane B3