Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics among dengue patients with and without AKI
| Parameter | Non-AKI group, N = 2,353 | AKI group, N = 64 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (range) | 33.4 ± 12.7 | 35.4 ± 16.7 | < 0.21* |
| Age-group (years) | |||
| 18–40 | 1782 (75.7) | 46 (71.9) | 0.11† |
| 41–60 | 476 (20.2) | 12 (18.8) | |
| > 60 | 95 (4.0) | 6 (9.4) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1,115 (47.4) | 55 (85.9) | < 0.01† |
| Female | 1,238 (52.6) | 9 (14.1) | |
| Pregnant women | 124 (5.3) | 0 (0) | N/A |
| Underlying disease | |||
| Liver disease | 40 (1.7) | 2 (3.1) | 0.31‡ |
| Renal disease | 4 (0.2) | 0 (0) | N/A |
| Pulmonary diseases | 8 (0.3) | 0 (0) | N/A |
| Hypertension | 55 (2.3) | 5 (7.8) | 0.02† |
| Diabetes mellitus | 40 (1.7) | 2 (3.1) | 0.3‡ |
| Other disease | 88 (3.7) | 3 (4.7) | 0.73‡ |
| Clinical classification | |||
| No Warning sign | 1,326 (56.4) | 15 (23.4) | < 0.01† |
| Warning sign | 795 (33.8) | 8 (12.5) | |
| Severe dengue | 232 (9.9) | 41 (64.1) | |
| Complications and unusual manifestations | |||
| Shock | 159 (6.8) | 14 (21.9) | < 0.01‡ |
| Severe bleeding | 20 (0.8) | 0 (0) | N/A |
| Severe organ impairment | 53 (2.3) | 27 (42.3) | < 0.01‡ |
| Myocarditis | 156 (6.6) | 13 (20.3) | < 0.01‡ |
| Neurological | 12 (0.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.051‡ |
| Hepatic | 786 (34.4) | 20 (33.3) | 0.87† |
| Respiratory | 137 (5.8) | 7 (10.9) | 0.1‡ |
| Death | 14 (0.6) | 8 (12.5) | < 0.01‡ |
AKI = acute kidney injury; N/A = not available.
*
T-test.
†
Pearson chi-square.
‡
Fisher’s exact test.