Table 2.
Predictors for early and late recurrence after primary curative treatment by using polytomous logistic regression
| Variables | Univariate model (OR, 95% CI) | Multivariate model (OR, 95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early recurrence (< 1 year) vs No |
Late recurrence (> 1 year) vs No |
Early recurrence (< 1 year) vs No |
Late recurrence (> 1 year) vs No |
|
| Host-related factors | ||||
| Age > 65 years | 1.08(0.62–1.89) | 1.31 (0.76–2.27) | ||
| Male | 1.26 (0.70–2.27) | 1.57 (0.88–2.79) | ||
| AST > 80 IU/L | 1.49 (0.72–3.09) | 1.62 (0.79–3.33) | ||
| ALT > 80 IU/L | 1.59 (0.77–3.28) | 2.15 (1.07–4.31) | ||
| Total bilirubin > 1.5 mg/dL | 0.81 (0.29–2.21) | 0.43 (0.13–1.41) | ||
| Prothrombin time (INR) > 1.3 | 0.69 (0.16–2.98) | 1.63 (0.50–5.32) | ||
| Albumin <3.0 mg/dL | 1.69 (0.52–5.51) | 0.90 (0.24–3.46) | ||
| Child-Pugh score B (vs A) | 1.39 (0.45–4.30) | 0.75 (0.20–2.72) | ||
| CSPH | 2.97 (1.48–5.96) | 2.32 (1.15–4.70) | 2.03 (0.88–4.67) | 1.63 (0.71–3.75) |
| Creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL | 1.19 (0.43–3.29) | 0.84 (0.28–2.51) | ||
| FIB-4 index > 3.25 | 2.15 (1.22–3.79) | 1.86 (1.06–3.25) | 1.40 (0.67–2.90) | 1.13 (0.56–2.30) |
| Diabetes | 1.37 (0.74–2.54) | 1.38 (0.75–2.54) | ||
| ALBI grade 2 or 3 (vs 1) | 1.29 (0.63–2.61) | 1.17 (0.59–2.34) | ||
| Tumor characteristics | ||||
| Size > 3 cm | 0.84 (0.48–1.47) | 0.80 (0.46–1.39) | ||
| Multinodularity | 3.71 (1.84–7.49) | 2.25 (1.09–4.66) | 3.66 (1.72–7.80) | 2.50 (1.14–5.50) |
| AFP > 20 ng/mL | 2.33 (1.31–4.14) | 1.64 (0.92–2.91) | 2.06 (1.12–3.81) | 1.40 (0.75–2.58) |
| BCLC stage A (vs 0) | 1.55 (0.79–3.05) | 1.32 (0.68–2.53) | ||
| Histopathological findings | ||||
| Edmonson grade III & IV | 0.96 (0.36–2.56) | 2.04 (0.88–4.72) | ||
| Ishak fibrosis score 4–6 | 0.94 (0.50–1.74) | 0.98 (0.53–1.81) | ||
| Viral factors | ||||
| HBV | 1.61 (0.70–3.68) | 4.75 (1.53–14.8) | 1.88 (0.77–4.63) | 5.11 (1.59–16.4) |
| HCV | 2.63 (1.11–6.21) | 8.90 (2.81–28.2) | 2.44 (0.93–6.41) | 8.07 (2.41–27.0) |
| HBV and HCV | 2.09 (0.44–9.96) | 2.87 (0.39–21.3) | 1.13 (0.19–6.58) | 1.91 (0.24–15.5) |
| Treatment modality | ||||
| RFA-TACE (vs Surgery) | 1.32 (0.72–2.30) | 1.59 (0.91–2.78) | ||
aHR adjusted hazard ratio, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, INR international normalized ratio, CSPH clinically significant portal hypertension, ALBI albumin-bilirubin, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, HBV hepatitis B virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, BCLC Barcelona-Clınic Liver Cancer staging system, RFA-TACE Radiofrequency ablation with or without transcatheter arterial chemoembolization