Table 1.
Anthropometric and biochemical measures in four PCOS phenotypes (mean ± SD and median in brackets)
| Variable | PCOS phenotype 1 | PCOS phenotype 2 | PCOS phenotype 3 | PCOS phenotype 4 | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (Kg) | 64.3 ± 13.4 (62.0) | 63.0 ± 9.9 (63.0) | 61.0 ± 4.1 (61.0) | 70.0 ± 13.6 (68.5) | 0.23 |
| Height (cm) | 160.3 ± 6.5 (160.5) | 160.3 ± 5.0 (160.0) | 159.2 ± 3.3 (159.0) | 159.2 ± 5.9 (158.5) | 0.87 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 24.7 ± 4.5 (23.8) | 24.7 ± 5.0 (23.0) | 24.1 ± 1.6 (24.5) | 27.6 ± 5.6 (26.5) | 0.11 |
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 86.8 ± 14.0 (85.0) | 82.8 ± 9.3 (83.0) | 84.6 ± 10.3 (80.0) | 94.1 ± 13.9 (94.5) | 0.04 |
| Hip Circumference (cm) | 101.7 ± 10.9 (100.5) | 94.6 ± 10.6 (97.0) | 95.4 ± 6.6 (96.0) | 103.7 ± 12.5 (103.0) | 0.05 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 89.7 ± 9.7 (88.5) | 92.1 ± 6.1 (90.0) | 92.4 ± 4.3 (94.0) | 92.2 ± 6.3 (92.5) | 0.13 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 170.6 ± 50.6 (170.0) | 167.9 ± 40.5 (173.0) | 181.4 ± 18.6 (187.0) | 170.0 ± 28.6 (169.0) | 0.69 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 44.7 ± 9.5 (46.0) | 43.8 ± 9.0 (44.0) | 47.2 ± 5.6 (47.0) | 41.7 ± 9.7 (41.5) | 0.53 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 72.2 ± 33.3 (71.0) | 68.5 ± 18.4 (68.0) | 73.0 ± 23.2 (72.0) | 69.0 ± 18.5 (70.0) | 0.97 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 113.6 ± 65.2 (99.0) | 126.5 ± 72.9 (96.0) | 100.2 ± 28.2 (92.0) | 133.4 ± 70.8 (127.0) | 0.54 |
| Insulin level (μIU/mL) | 7.8 ± 3.2 (7.7) | 8.7 ± 4.1 (7.5) | 10.7 ± 6.5 (7.5) | 16.6 ± 4.1 (16.5) | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.7 ± 0.8 (1.7) | 2.0 ± 0.9 (1.8) | 2.4 ± 1.5 (1.7) | 3.8 ± 1.0 (3.8) | < 0.001 |
| TSH (ng/dl) | 3.0 ± 1.7 (2.7) | 2.8 ± 1.8 (2.5) | 3.2 ± 2.3 (3.2) | 3.8 ± 2.5 (3.2) | 0.53 |
| Prolactin (ng/ml) | 11.6 ± 10.1 (8.4) | 6.3 ± 3.2 (5.3) | 6.8 ± 4.1 (5.0) | 9.5 ± 8.4 (7.1) | 0.34 |
| LH (mIU/ml) | 4.8 ± 4.0 (4.0) | 5.7 ± 3.6 (5.0) | 4.9 ± 1.8 (4.9) | 6.7 ± 5.6 (4.6) | 0.30 |
| FSH (mIU/ml) | 6.4 ± 2.2 (6.6) | 6.5 ± 2.6 (5.8) | 9.2 ± 3.8 (9.0) | 6.5 ± 2.1 (6.3) | 0.10 |
| 17(OH) progesterone (ng/ml) | 1.3 ± 0.9 (1.0) | 1.3 ± 0.7 (1.1) | 1.3 ± 0.7 (1.1) | 2.4 ± 3.3 (1.5) | 0.12 |
| Total Testosterone (nmol/l) | 0.5 ± 0.2 (0.4) | 0.5 ± 0.2 (0.4) | 0.4 ± 0.3 (0.4) | 0.7 ± 0.2 (0.7) | 0.009 |
| Free Androgen Index | 1.4 ± 0.9 (1.3) | 1.2 ± 0.5 (1.1) | 0.7 ± 0.6 (0.5) | 2.7 ± 2.2 (2.1) | 0.001 |
| DHEAS (μmol/l) | 2.9 ± 1.5 (3.0) | 2.8 ± 1.8 (3.0) | 2.7 ± 1.2 (2.5) | 3.9 ± 2.0 (3.8) | 0.12 |
| SHBG (nmol/l) | 54.5 ± 57.2 (35.0) | 44.5 ± 20.0 (41.0) | 71.0 ± 43.8 (63.0) | 36.7 ± 23.0 (30.0) | 0.07 |
| HMWA (ng/ml) | 2986.3 ± 1824.4 (2476.5) | 2628.5 ± 1098.9 (2390.0) | 2359.4 ± 1365.7 (1816.0) | 2798.0 ± 1813.7 (2372.0) | 0.88 |
HDL High-Density Lipoprotein, LDL Low-Density Lipoprotein, HOMA-IR Homeostatic Model Assessment – Insulin Resistance, TSH Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, LH Luteinizing Hormone, FSH Follicle Stimulating Hormone, DHEAS DeHydroEpiandrosterone Sulfate, SHBG Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, HMWA High Molecular Weight Adiponectin. Free Androgen Index: (Testosterone /SHBG)*100
* Difference between mean level, analyzed by ANOVA for normally distributed variables and kruskal-Wallis test for variables without normal distribution