Table 1.

Demographic characteristics.

n = 33	n (%)
Age, years, mean (SD), range	54 (18), 21–81
Sex, male	23 (70)
Dentate	27 (82)
Edentate	6 (18)
ICU admission category
Medical	13 (39)
Surgical	9 (27)
Trauma	11 (33)
ICU length of stay, mean (SD), range	13 (9), 3–47
Ventilator mode
Controlled	11 (33)
Spontaneous	22 (67)
Physical restraint	20 (60)
ICU oral devices
Endotracheal tube	33 (100)
Orogastric tube	11 (33)
Bite block	2 (6)
Post-pyloric tube	2 (6)
Duration of intubation, mean (SD), range	8 (4), 2–16
ICU oral symptoms
Procedural pain	17 (51)
Generalized discomfort	29 (88)
Dryness	31 (94)
Gagging	21 (64)
Dysgeusia	6 (18)
ICU procedural oral pain score, mean (SD), range	7 (1.5), 4–8
Post-ICU oral symptoms
Oral pain	11 (33)
Generalized discomfort	20 (60)
Dryness	26 (79)
Voice changes	23 (70)
Dysphagia	12 (36)
Post-ICU oral pain score, mean (SD), range	2 (1.3), 0–4
Dental insurance	16 (48)

ICU = intensive care unit.