Table 1.
Clinical and biochemical characteristics of controls and MetS subjects.
| Variables | Controls | MetS | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | 162 | 131 | — |
| Gender, M/F | 78/84 | 65/66 | 0.802 |
| Age (years) | 49.47 ± 9.16 | 50.90 ± 9.45 | 0.236 |
| Recent smoking (%) | 18.5 | 26.7 | 0.093 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.28 ± 2.49 | 25.52 ± 3.02 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 81.3 ± 7.5 | 87.2 ± 8.9 | <0.001 |
| Fat (%) | 27.61 ± 5.57 | 29.66 ± 3.68 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 123.7 ± 14.2 | 133.4 ± 13.3 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 74.9 ± 8.9 | 82.2 ± 9.4 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 4.73 ± 0.98 | 4.89 ± 1.05 | 0.181 |
| TG (mmol/l)a | 1.10 (0.82, 1.39) | 1.92 (1.58, 2.49) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.42 ± 0.90 | 2.60 ± 1.04 | 0.115 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.57 ± 0.36 | 1.18 ± 0.41 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/l)a | 5.10 (4.74, 5.41) | 6.26 (5.26, 8.89) | <0.001 |
| 2h-PG (mmol/l)a | 5.82 (5.49, 6.23) | 7.71 (6.14, 15.04) | <0.001 |
| FIns (mU/l)a | 7.20 (6.06, 8.79) | 8.93 (7.78, 10.62) | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IRa | 1.60 (1.30, 2.06) | 2.53 (1.84, 3.93) | <0.001 |
| IL-6 (ng/l) | 12.62 ± 5.20 | 17.02 ± 6.32 | <0.001 |
| MCP-1 (ng/l) | 118.95 ± 39.49 | 146.94 ± 52.41 | <0.001 |
Values were given as means ± SD or median with interquartile range. aLog-transformed; MetS, metabolic syndrome; BMI, body mass index; Fat, percentage of body fat; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride, LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; 2h-PG, 2-hour plasma glucose; FIns, fasting insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IL-6, interleukin-6; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1.