TABLE 2.

Terpenoids with angiogenesis regulation.

Source	Bioactive ingredient	Efficacy	Dose	Experimental model	Mechanism	Ref
Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton	Curcumol	Promote angiogenesis	20 mg ml−1 1 mg ml−1 50 mg ml−1	Biological model experiment of zebrafish embryo	Promote angiogenesis and repair of tissue damage through VEGF pathway	Tian et al., 2012
Bletilla striata (Thunb. ex Murray) Rchb. F	Cyclotunane triterpenoids	Antitumour	50 μg ml−1, 100 μg ml−1	Angiogenesis model of rat arterial ring	Antagonizing the proliferation and inducing apoptosis of HUVECs stimulated by VEGF and bFGF	Liu et al., 2008b Liu et al., 2009 Liu et al., 2015b Liu et al., 2016
Widespread in plants and herbs	Oleanolic acid	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibit the expression of VEGF in liver cancer, reduce the level of VEGF, so as to play the role of inhibiting tumor growth	Harper and Moses Marsha 2006
Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc	Ursolic acid	Antitumour	10 mg L−1 15 mg L−1	Biological model test of zebrafish	Blocking VEGFR2 expression	Cheng et al., 2010 Liu et al., 2012
Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp	3-O-Acetyloleanolic acid	Antitumour	—	—	Induction of HUVECs apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis	Cui et al., 2013
Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen ex C. Chow & W. G. Huang	Notoginseng triterpenes	Anti-angiogenesis	0.4 mg L−1 0.8 mg L−1	EA-hy926 cells transplanted in vitro	Anti-angiogenesis	Shi et al., 2013
Salvia miltiorrhiza C. H. Wrigh	Dihydrotanshinone I	Anti tumour and ischemic diseases	—	—	Inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and lumen formation of vascular endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis	Wang et al., 2015a Wei et al., 2010
	Tanshinone I	Antitumour and ischemic diseases	—	—	Inhibition of VEGF expression	Wang et al., 2015b
	Tanshinone IIA	Antitumour and ischemic diseases	1 μmol L−1 40 mmol L−1	Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model	1.Promote the expression of HIF-1α mRNA to up regulate the expression of VEGF 2.Tanshinone VI can up regulate cell adhesion molecules, thus inhibiting metastasis or ngiogenesis 3.Inhibition of matrix invasion and modification of MMP-2/TIMP-2 secretion in vascular endothelial cells	Chen, 2007 Tsai et al., 2011 Wang et al., 2015a
	Cryptotanshinone	Antitumour and ischemic diseases	—	—	Inhibition of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) -induced angiogenesis	Wang et al., 2015a