TABLE 6.

Polyphenols with angiogenesis regulation.

Source	Bioactive ingredient	Efficacy	Dose	Experimental model	Mechanism	Ref
Curcuma longa L	Curcumin	Antitumour	—	—	1.Inhibition of vascular endothelial cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis 2.Expression of angiogenesis Promoter 3.Down-regulation of PI3K/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)	Gao et al., 2016b; Li et al., 2020, Shankar et al., 2008, Hishe et al., 2011, Dorai et al., 2001, Zhang 2013, Gururaj et al., 2002, Zheng et al., 2007
Rheum palmatum L	Emodin	Antitumour	10 μmol L−1	Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model	Inhibit the expression of HIF-1αmRNA, thereby reducing the expression of EGF mRNA	Gao et al., 2016
Curcuma longa L	Curcumin Ⅲ	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibition of angiogenesis in tumour tissue	Mohan et al., 2000
Lonicera japonica Thunb	Chlorogenic acid	Anti-angiogenesis	50 μg ml−1	Biological model experiment of zebrafish embryo	Down-regulation of COX2-MMPs signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting MMP-9 and MMP-2 gene expression	Cai et al., 2019, Su et al., 2014
Green tea	Tea polyphenols	Antitumour	11.25 mg kg−1	Transplantation tumor model in S10 mice	1.Inhibition of angiogenesis 2.Regulation of MMP-2/TIMP-2 by regulating NF-kB signaling pathways	Lu and Cao, 2001 Zhang et al., 2007, Chen, 2007, Zhang 2007, Huang 2007
	Epigallocatechin-3-gallate	Antitumour	—	—	The inhibition of cell MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion also inhibits the expression of VEGF、 phosphorylated VEGF receptor (P.VEGFR)-2 protein and the activation of downstream signaling molecules extracellular signal-regulated kinases (extracellularsignal -Regula-tedkinase,ERK) and Akt	He et al., 2012
	Catechin	Antitumour	—	—	Anti-angiogenesis	Liu et al., 2015
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge	Salvianolic acid B	1.Anti-myocardial ischemia 2.Treatment of neurodegenerative diseases	1.2 mg L−1	Cell migration and lumen formation, chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model	1.Upregulate the expression of VEGF in HUVECS, thus promoting angiogenesis 2.Promote angiogenesis	Xv et al., 2016, Li et al., 2010, Tang et al., 2014
Rosmarinus officinalis L	Rosmarinci acid	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibit the expression of related VEGF and release of IL-8, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis	Huang and Zheng, 2006
	Carnosol	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibit endothelial cell migration and inhibit BAEC secretion MMP-2, thereby inhibit angiogenesis	Auxiliadora et al., 2013
	Carnosic acid	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibit endothelial cell migration and inhibit BAEC secretion MMP-2, thereby inhibit angiogenesis
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge	Danshensu	Prevention of retinal microvascular disease	200 μmol L−1	Biological model experiment of zebrafish embryo	Inhibit VEGF expression, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis	Tian et al., 2013 Cui et al., 2013
Fragaria × ananassa	Strawberry phenols	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibit VEGF expression, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis	Wang et al., 2012
Vitis vinifera	Procyanidin	Antitumour	223. 24 U·ml−1	Biological model experiment of zebrafish embryo	Inhibit VEGF-A and VEGFR2 signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis	Li et al., 2016, Zhang, 2017, Hishe et al., 2011; Chang et al., 2009; Gallo et al., 2003; Deep et al., 2007
	Resveratrol	Antitumour	100 mg kg−1	Subcutaneous transplantation model of glioma cell line U87	Inhibition of angiogenesis
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn	Silymarin	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibition of angiogenesis	Cheung et al., 2007, Lu et al., 2009; Agarwal et al., 2006
Red wine	Isoxanthohumol (XN)	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibition of angiogenesis	Costa et al., 2010
Beer	8-Butene naringin	Promoting angiogenesis	—	—	—	Costa et al., 2010
Cinnamomum cassia Presl	Cinnamic acid	Antitumour	—	—	Inhibition of angiogenesis	Hoskins, 1984; Thanekar et al., 2020
Ficus carica L	Vanillyl alcohol	Inhibition of angiogenesis	30 mg kg−1	Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model	Inhibition of angiogenesis	Jung et al., 2008 Jin et al., 2008