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Viral structures targeted by different disinfectants. Symbol abbreviations: +, light damage; ++, moderate damage; +++, severe damage; −, no damage; ?, uncertain/debated. Chemical abbreviations: ClO2, chlorine dioxide; EtOH, ethanol; IPA, isopropanol; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide; FA, formaldehyde; GTA, glutaraldehyde.83 References: heat,148,155,177 UV light,148,177−180 chlorines,148,181 EtOH and IPA, H2O2,157 surfactants,17 phenolics,157 FA and GTA,182,183 and singlet oxygen.148,179,184
