Rating of the likelihood of pest freedom	Extremely frequently pest free (based on the median)
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of pest‐free tubers	9,812 out of 10,000 tubers	9,863 out of 10,000 tubers	9,916 out of 10,000 tubers	9,962 out of 10,000 tubers	9,994 out of 10,000 tubers
Proportion of infested tubers	6 out of 10,000 tubers	38 out of 10,000 tubers	84 out of 10,000 tubers	137 out of 10,000 tubers	188 out of 10,000 tubers
Summary of the information used for the evaluation	Possibility that the pest could become associated with the commodity The pest is present in Peru where it is considered one of the most important pests of ulluco causing at harvest between 2.5% and 50% of damage to tubers. This weevil is prevalent in ulluco‐producing areas throughout the year, and can complete the life cycle in other crops common in the ulluco producing areas such as oca and beans. Adults can fly and move both within the production field or from the surroundings. During storage infested tubers can also be a source of infestation for healthy ones. The main pathway is represented by infested tubers.
	Measures taken against the pest and their efficacy Crop rotation has been observed to reduce weevil damage to the crop. Use of healthy seed tubers may lower pest presence and pressure. Ash application to the neck of each plant to the emergency and before the stubble tillage reduces the weevil damage. Elimination of volunteer plants when they are small or avoiding their presence by making a good harvest and eliminating crop residues may lower pest pressure. High and timely stubble tillage may prevent the larvae from reaching the tubers. Timely harvest may decrease pest pressure. Elimination of crop residues (damaged, rotten and small tubers) introducing animals in the field after harvest, reduces pest pressure. Plough the soil of infested fields to destroy weevils by exposing them to the sun and wild birds. Poultry use during the selection of ulluco tubers and after soil removal to reduce pest populations. Manual capture of weevils can contribute to reduce the amount of weevils present. Tuber storage at 2°C and 90–95% humidity. Interception records There were no interceptions on ulluco, but see Section 4.3 above for details. Shortcomings of current measures/procedures From the dossier, it seems that the seed tubers come from the previous production cycle; therefore, the inspection is visual and the health status uncertain. Although crop rotation has been seen to be effective in controlling the pest, in some cases the crops rotating are also hosts of the pest. Limited scientific data on efficacy of ash applications, volunteer plants elimination, high stubble tillage, timely harvest and efficacy of animals in eliminating crop residues are available. Mechanical measures might not be effective enough. Storage conditions (2°C and 90–95% humidity) may only slow down the insect cycle and not kill it. Main uncertainties Other host plants cultivated jointly or in the proximity of ulluco fields can serve as a source of infestation. Although visually inspected, seed tubers with very small entry wounds are difficult to be detected and discarded and can therefore be a source of infestation.