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. 2020 Dec 7;31(4):2071–2084. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa345

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© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Illustration of ordered and complex hierarchical networks. Tiers are determined by the degree of nodes, with nodes with the largest degrees in the top tier. Tier 2 nodes and links are highlighted. In an ordered hierarchy, all nodes of similar degree are connected in a similar fashion, while a complex hierarchy is characterized by heterogeneous connectivity patterns across similar degree nodes.