Table 5.

Regression analysis of effect size and statistical significance.

	Cohen’s d	Cohen’ s d	Indicator for p < 0.05	Indicator for p < 0.05	Indicator for p < 0.10	Indicator for p < 0.10
Nudge uses automaticity	0.193*	-	0.139*	-	0.155**	-
	(0.083)	-	(0.066)	-	(0.058)	-
Nudge triggers system 1	-	0.476**	-	0.828**	-	0.802**
	-	(0.095)	-	(0.126)	-	(0.150)
Nudge engages system 2	-	0.421**	-	0.764**	-	0.779**
	-	(0.135)	-	(0.138)	-	(0.160)
Nudge bypasses both	-	0.658**	-	0.815**	-	0.915**
systems	-	(0.204)	-	(0.182)	-	(0.191)
Research setting uses	−0.113	−0.107	0.006	0.028	0.002	0.012
field observation	(0.100)	(0.100)	(0.063)	(0.065)	(0.064)	(0.065)
Dichotomous outcome	−0.125	−0.103	-	-	-	-
	(0.093)	(0.095)	-	-	-	-
Indicators for disciplines	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
Indicators for domains	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes	yes
p-value for hypothesis “triggers system 1” = “engages system 2”	-	0.484	-	0.368	-	0.727
p-value for hypothesis “triggers system 1” = “bypasses both systems”	-	0.269	-	0.926	-	0.365
p-value for hypothesis “engages system 2” = “bypasses both systems”	-	0.140	-	0.710	-	0.279
R-squared	0.187	0.177	0.068	0.062	0.070	0.061
Number of papers	101	101	174	174	174	174
Number of observations	N = 507	N = 507	N = 965	N = 965	N = 965	N = 965

This table reports the results of ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions with the outcome variable in the column heading and the explanatory variables in the leftmost column. When a nudge belongs to more than one category, the variables recording whether the nudge triggers system 1, whether the nudge engages system 2, and whether the nudge bypasses both systems take fractional values (1/2 and 1/2, or 1/3 and 1/3 and 1/3). The second, fourth, and sixth regressions omit a constant term. An observation’s weight in the regression is proportional to the inverse of the number of observations associated with the same article. Standard errors are clustered by article. The symbols ⁺, *, and ** indicate statistical significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively.