Figure 1.

Comparison of GDMT implementation rates among all patients selected from urban and rural areas. Therapies included beta-blockers, ACEi/ARB, MRA, anticoagulants, ICD/CRT, cardiac rehabilitation and HF education. MRA: mineral corticoid receptor antagonist, ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB: angiotensin II receptor blockers, CRT: cardiac resynchronization therapy, GDMT: guideline-directed medical therapy, HF: heart failure, ICD: implantable cardioverter defibrillator (s)