Figure 5.

Carrimycin efficiently inhibited the infection of HCoVs by targeting a post-entry replication event. (A) Time-of-addition assay. C3A cells (3.0 × 10⁵ cells/well) were plated into 12-well culture plates and infected with HCoV-OC43 (MOI = 0.5). Then, various concentrations of carrimycin were added at different times of infection and then the NP protein was analyzed using Western blot analysis. (B) 293T-hACE2 cells seeded in 96-well plates were infected with SARS-CoV-2 or VSV pseudovirus in the presence of the indicated concentrations of carrimycin and NH₄Cl. At 24 h postinfection, the firefly luciferase activities were measured by microplate luminometry in a PerkinElmer EnSpire instrument. The luciferase activity was normalized to that of mock-treated control cells (mean ± SD, n = 3). ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001 vs. virus control (Con).