Table 4.
Multivariable zero-inflated negative binomial regression model assessing the association between risk factors and PCL-5 Hyperarousal subscale at 6-months post-injury (n=405).
FC | 95% CI | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC1 | .89 | .83–.95 | .001 | 1.11 | .83–1.49 | .47 |
ICV (standardized) | 1.16 | 1.02–1.32 | .029 | .88 | .50–1.53 | .65 |
Male (ref: Female) | 1.07 | .87–1.32 | .52 | .61 | .23–1.64 | .33 |
Black (ref: White/Other) | 1.13 | .91–1.41 | .26 | 1.57 | .57–4.30 | .38 |
Hispanic (ref: non-Hispanic) | 1.07 | .86–1.34 | .55 | 2.48 | .72–8.49 | .15 |
Years of Education | .97 | .94–.997 | .033 | 1.07 | .94–1.22 | .31 |
Any psychiatric history (ref: None) | 1.13 | .92–1.39 | .24 | 2.16 | .64–7.27 | .21 |
Any prior TBI (ref: None) | 1.13 | .96–1.34 | .15 | .97 | .47–1.99 | .93 |
Violent injury cause (ref: Accidental) | 1.40 | 1.05–1.88 | .024 | -- | -- | -- |
PCL-5 Hyperarousal at week 2 | 1.08 | 1.07–1.10 | <.001 | 1.26 | 1.09–1.46 | .002 |
PC1: first principal component that explained 73.8% of the variance in the regional volumes of the insula, superior frontal cortex, and rostral and caudal anterior cingulate.
FC: Estimated fold change with 95% confidence interval of the predictor variable associated with severity of hyperarousal symptoms when the symptoms are present.
OR: Estimated odds ratio with 95% confidence interval of the predictor variable associated with presence (non-zero scores) vs. absence (zero scores) of hyperarousal symptoms.
Injury cause was not modeled in the zero-inflation part due to zero-count in one of the cells which would lead to an infinite confidence interval.