Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2021 Apr 1;134(4):607–616. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003724

Table 1-.

Measured parameters by fluid status: hemorrhage phase

Fluid Status: 0 mL −100 mL −200 mL −300 mL −400 mL P
Vital Sign Parameters
Heart Rate (beats per minute) 95±11 95±12 95±14 95±15. 96±15 0.665
SBP (mmHg) 100±12 95±12* 88±12*** 82±13** 78±13* <0.001
DBP (mmHg) 68±12 63±13* 58±15* 53±16** 49±15** <0.001
MAP (mmHg) 83±12 77±13* 71±14** 64±15** 60±15** <0.001
Pulse Pressure (mmHg) 32±6 32±6 30±8 29±7 29±6 0.145
Pulse Pressure Variation 16±11 17±12 18±8 18±5 21±11 0.160
Central Hemodynamic Parameters
MPAP (mmHg) 16±3 15±4 14±4* 13±3**** 12±4**** <0.0001
PCWP (mmHg) 9±2 7±3 6.±3* 5±3** 4±3*** <0.0001
CVP (mmHg) 7±4 6±4 5±4 4±4* 4±4* 0.004
CO (L/min) 3.9±0.7 3.8±0.7 3.7±0.7 3.5±0.7 3.4±0.8 0.092

Values are reported with their standard deviations

P values reflect one-way ANOVA analysis

Relative to 0 milliliters (mL):

*

P<0.05

**

P≤0.01

***

P≤0.001

****

P≤0.0001