Table 1:
Demographic characteristics of cohort (N=415), CHAMACOS study, 1999–2000
| N | (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal Age | ||
| 8–24 | 181 | 43.6% |
| 25–29 | 133 | 32.1% |
| 30–34 | 67 | 16.1% |
| 35–45 | 34 | 8.2% |
| Income | ||
| Below Poverty Threshold | 263 | 63.4% |
| Above Poverty Threshold | 152 | 36.6% |
| Marital Status | ||
| Not Married | 78 | 18.8% |
| Married/Living as Married | 337 | 81.2% |
| Maternal Education | ||
| ≤ 6th grade | 184 | 44.3% |
| 7–12th grade | 154 | 37.1% |
| ≤High School Graduate | 77 | 18.6% |
| Maternal Country of Birth | ||
| Mexico | 364 | 87.7% |
| US and Other | 51 | 12.3% |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | ||
| Normal or Underweight | 157 | 37.8% |
| Overweight | 162 | 39.0% |
| Obese | 96 | 23.1% |
| Weight Gain during Pregnancy | ||
| Below adequate weight gain | 64 | 15.8% |
| Adequate weight gain | 118 | 29.1% |
| Above adequate weight gain | 223 | 55.1% |
| Parity | ||
| 0 | 139 | 33.5% |
| 1 | 118 | 28.4% |
| 2+ | 158 | 38.1% |
| Smoking during Pregnancy | ||
| No | 400 | 96.4% |
| Yes | 15 | 3.6% |
| Sugar Beverage Consumption | ||
| <1 per day | 81 | 20.0% |
| 1 per day | 112 | 27.7% |
| +2 per day | 212 | 52.4% |
| Impaired Glucose Tolerance (>140 mg/dl) | ||
| No | 285 | 85.3% |
| Yes | 49 | 14.7% |
| Gestational Diabetes Mellitus | ||
| No | 383 | 92.5% |
| Yes | 31 | 7.5% |
| Excessive Gestational Weight Gain | ||
| No | 182 | 44.9% |
| Yes | 223 | 55.1% |