Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Mar 10;11:5552. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84943-x

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Animals lacking RXRγ exhibit reduced pre-pulse inhibition and increased sensitization to repeated cocaine exposure. (A) Histogram of the average percent of pre-pulse inhibition ± SEM at three different prepulse amplitudes (3, 6 or 12 dB above background, pp3, pp6 and pp12 respectively) revealed reduced prepulse inhibition in RXRγ KO animals that was statistically significant at the highest prepulse amplitude tested (T-test: t = 2.036, P = 0.0482). (N = 22 RXRγ KO and 21 wild type siblings). (B) Histogram of the average percent of spontaneous alternations during testing in a Y-maze revealed a trend for reduced alternation in RXRγ KO animals compared to their wild type siblings that was not statistically significant (T-test: t = 1.460 P = 0.1508). (RXRγ KO N = 19, WT N = 30). (C) Plot of average distance travelled ± SEM during a 30 min open field exposure following repeated administration of cocaine or saline showed significantly enhanced locomotor sensitization in RXRγ KO animals compared to wild type siblings. 2-way RM-ANOVA over days 5–20 shows a significant effect of genotype (F(3,49) = 21.29, P < 0.0001), and Dunnett’s multiple comparisons revealed significant differences between cocaine treated RXRγ animals and all other groups, (vs. wt + vehicle: P < 0.0001, vs. wt + cocaine: P = 0.0073; vs. RXRγ + vehicle: P < 0.0001). Group sizes were N = 12 for KO + saline, N = 15 for KO + cocaine, N = 12 for WT + saline, N = 14 for WT + cocaine. Data were plotted using Prism (https://www.graphpad.com/scientific-software/prism/) and the figure assembled using Affinity Designer (https://affinity.serif.com/en-gb/designer/) software.