Fig. 1.

Flow chart describing the extraction of target patients for the analysis in this study. (1) LD metformin: prescribed ≥ 500 mg/day and < 1000 mg/day of metformin in the department other than obstetrics or breast surgery. (2) HD metformin: prescribed ≥ 1000 mg/day of metformin. ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, CR creatinine, DPP-4i dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, Hb hemoglobin, HD high dose, LD low dose, T1D type 1 diabetes, T2D type 2 diabetes, w/ with, w/o without